最全虚拟语气用法总结

最全虚拟语气用法总结（精选7篇）

最全虚拟语气用法总结 篇1

1.(表示条件)如果 ,主句用将来时,if从句用现在时表示将来

He will come if you invite him.

如果你请他,他会来的.

2.(表示虚拟)假如,要是

时态：可以表示过去,现在和将来的情况.它的基本特点是时态退后.

a.同现在事实相反的假设.

句型 ：条件从句 主句

一般过去时 should( would) +动词原形

If they were here,they would help you.

b.表示于过去事实相反的假设.

句型：条件从句 主句

过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词

If she had worked harder,she would have succeeded.

c.表示对将来的假想

句型：条件从句 主句

一般过去时 should+ 动词原形

were+ 不定式 would + 动词原形

should+ 动词原形

If you succeeded,everything would be all right.

3.是否 = whether 连接宾语从句

I wonder if she is ill.

最全虚拟语气用法总结 篇2

Ⅰ.虚拟语气用在非正式条件句

If we had time, we would go with you.

If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, what would you do?

If you had come earlier, you might have met him.

(1) 虚拟条件句中be的过去式一般为were:

If I were you, I would accept his offer.

(2) 在正式文件中, 有时可省去if, 而将were, had, should提到主语前:

Had it not been for your help, we would not have achieved so much.

Had she time, she would of course help you.

Were he here, we could ask him.

Should it rain, the crops would be saved.

(3) 含蓄条件句:不使用条件句而是由介词短语 (without…没有…, but for...要不是…) , 连词 (but但是) , 副词 (otherwise否则) 等或上下文来表示某种假设的情况:

But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier.

(4) 错综时间条件句:主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间, 其动词形式要根据时间而定。

lf he had listened to me.he would not be in such trouble now.

If we hadn’t got everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.

Ⅱ.虚拟语气用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名词从句中, 从句谓语用“ (should+) 原形动词”

(1) 用在动词insist, suggest, order, propose, demand, request, command, desire等后面的宾语从句中:

He suggested that we (should) start now.

He insisted that we (should) discuss the matter at the meeting.

The commander ordered that all soldiers (should) take part in the work.

注:1) 在美语中should常省去。

2) 当suggest表示“暗示、表明”, insist所带宾语从句中的动作发生在主句动作之前或一般情况时, 仍用陈述语气。

The expression on his face suggests that he knows it.

He insisted that he had finished the work ahead of time.

He insisted that she was telling the truth.

(2) 用在名词insistence, suggestion, order, proposal, demand等后面的表语从句和同位语从句中:

Their suggestion is that their output (should) be increased by 20%.

What do you think of his suggestion that we (should) put on a play?

(3) 用在“It+be+natural (necessary, strange, importam等, 以及insisted, suggested, ordered等、) +that...”结构中的that引导的主语从句中:

It’s necessary that you should be present at the meeting.

It was suggested that the medicine should be sent there by plane.

Ⅲ.虚拟语气用在wish后面的宾语从句中

wish后面从句中虚拟语气情况的谓语形式:

现在that+主语+过去时

过去that+主语+had+过去分词

将来that+主语+would (或might) +动词原形

I wish I knew the answer. 但愿我知道答案。

注:1) 在It is wished that…以及wish作名词时后面的表语或同谓语从句也要用虚拟语气:

It is wished that he had not made the mistake.他要没犯此错误该多好。

2) if only引起的感叹句, 其形式和意义与wish相同。

If only I had the chancel (=1 wish I had the chancel)

Ⅳ.虚拟语气用于as if (或as though) 引起的方式状语从句或表语从句中, 表示“好像”, 形式和wish宾语从句中的形式相同。

They are talking as if they had been old friends. 他们谈着话好像多年的老朋友。

注:本句型有时用于陈述语气表示较大的真实性:

It looks as if it is going to rain.看来天要下雨。 (真的要下雨)

Ⅴ.虚拟语气用在状语从句中。

(1) 在in case, lest, for fear that引起的状语从句中, 表示“以防”, “以免”, 从句谓语形式常为“should+动词原形”

He took his raincoat with him in case it should rain.他带上了雨衣以防下雨。

I shall ring you up lest you should forget to come.我要打电话提醒你以免你忘了。

I took an umbrella with me for fear that it should rain.我因为怕下雨而带伞去。

注:1) 本句型中should一般不可省去。

2) 本句型有时可不用虚拟语气, 而用一般现在时或一般过去时:

Here’s some money in case you need it.这儿有点钱以防你需要用。

(2) 在so that, in order that 引起的状语从句中, 表示“以便”, “为了”, 从句谓语需用情态动词, 现在时态常用may, can或will;过去时态常用could, should或might, 有时也用would:

I hired a boat so that I could go fishing.我租了一条船, 为的是可以去钓鱼。

They set out early in order that they might arrive in time.他们很早出发以便及时到达。

Ⅵ.虚拟语气用在表示祝愿的句子中

(1) 用动词原形:

Long live the friendship!友谊万岁!

“God bless you, ”the priest said.牧师说:“愿上帝保佑你!”

(2) may+动词原形:

May you be happy!祝你快乐!

Ⅶ.虚拟语气中should+动词原形 (或完成形式) , 还可表示惊奇、惶惑、怀疑、不满等作用

(1) 用在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中:

I never expected that the problem should be so complicated.我从来没有想到问题会这样复杂。

They just couldn’t believe that the new stadium should be so big.他们简直不相信新体育场会这样大。

(2) 用在it is a pity, it is a shame, it is incredible, it is strange, it is natural, it is no wonder等结构后面的主语从句中:

It is a great pity that he should be so careless.真遗憾他会这样粗心。

It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.真奇怪, 她竟然没有看出自己的缺点。

(3) 用在I am sorry, we were surprised, they were disappointed等结构后面的状语从句中:

I am sorry that he should be in such poor health.我真难过, 他身体这样坏。

We were surprised that she should be so stupid.我们很奇怪, 她怎么会这样蠢。

Ⅷ.虚拟语气的其他用法

(1) 用在It’s time that...结构中, 表示“该干某事了”, 含建议的意思, 从句中用动词过去时:

It’s time (that) we went to bed.

注:前可加about (表示“大约”) 或high (表示强调) 等。

(2) 用在would rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer后面的从句中, 表示“希望”, 用动词过去式虚拟当时或将来的情况, 用过去完成式虚拟过去的情况:

I’d rather I had seen the film..我真希望我看过这部电影。

(3) must, may, should等+have+过去分词, 表示“想必已经…”, “可能已经…”, “本该已经…”等意思:

He may (must, can, t) have gone to work.他或许 (一定, 不可能) 去上班了。

You shouldn’t have talked so much.你本不该讲那么多。

虚拟语气用法透视 篇3

1. 与事实相反的假设；

2. 不能实现或实现的可能性极小的主观愿望；

3. 非事实的建议或猜测。

虚拟语气常用在：

1. 含虚拟条件句的复合句中；

2. 名词性从句中；

3. 一些固定的句型中。

学习虚拟语气要注意以下几个方面：

一、 理解虚拟语气的实质，分清虚拟句和真实句。

例1—We could have walked to the station; it was so near.

—Yes. A taxi_________ at all necessary.

A. wasn'tB. hadn't been

C. wouldn't beD. won't be

解析： 第一句前半句为虚拟语气句，后半句是陈述句；第二句是表事实的陈述语气句子，根据上文考虑时间，应是对过去的陈述，故答案为A。此题把虚拟现象和客观事实错综交织在一起。

例2We would go to the park, but we _______busy with our lessons.

A.wereB. had been

C. areD. had

解析： 前面部分是虚拟语气的主句，省略了条件状语从句if we had time, but后面部分是真实句，由前面虚拟语气动词would go结构可推断出后文是对现在事实的陈述，用一般现在时，答案为C。

二、 熟记虚拟主从句中不同时间的动词形式。见下表：

虚拟语气的谓语动词有它自己的表现形式，而且规范。 解题时，可应用此表，根据上下文所提供的信息，对号入座。

例3—Lucy lost her way in the street.

—If she__________a map with her, that wouldn't have happened.

A. tookB. had taken

C. would takeD. have taken

解析： 从上文的陈述句中可知下文是表示与过去事实相反的假设。A项took是过去式，用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实相反的虚拟，排除A项；C项可用在主句中表示现在或将来的虚拟，但C、D项都不能用在条件句中表虚拟。答案为B。如果熟记上表，便可直接选B。

注意： 虚拟语气中，如果条件状语从句包含有一个助动词、情态动词、be或have，可把 if 省略，再用部分倒装。

例4_________for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.

A. If it is not

B. Were it not

C. Had it not been

D. If they have not

解析： 从句意可知这是it is (not ) for 句式，D项不符合题意，排除D项。由主句中的would not have gone 可推断，这是与过去事实相反的假设，选C。条件从句可还原成If it had not been for ...。

三、掌握几个常用虚拟语气的句型。

句型1： 动词 一“坚持”insist,二“命令”order、command，三“建议”suggest、propose、advise，四“要求”desire、demand、ask、request及其派生的同根名词在名词性从句中的应用。见下表：

例5 My suggestion is that the meeting __________till tomorrow.

A. to put offB. be put off

C. should put offD. be putting off

解析：that 引导的是表语从句，因前面是名词suggestion，故答案选B。

注意： 1.这几个句型都表示说话者主观的意见“该 （不该 ）如此”，而不是陈述事实。共同特点是：主句谓语动词不管是什么时态、人称和数，都用should+动词原形。should 可省略， 但不能用其他助动词（如would、could等 ）。

2. 当suggest 作“表明，暗示”和insist作“坚持说，坚持认为”，且后接宾语从句表示既成事实时，宾语从句中谓语动词都不用虚拟语气，而用陈述语气。

例6The teacher insisted that Tom _________a mistake and that he __________criticized.

A. had made； be 

B. makes； must be

C. made； should

D. should make； be

解析：此句中insisted 后接两个宾语从句，前一个宾语从句表示的是既成事实，用陈述语气，后一个宾语从句表示说话人主观的意见“应当受批评”，是虚拟语气，答案为A。

句型2： It is (was) + important／necessary／strange／natural／possible／a pity + that主语从句，其中的主语从句用（should）+动词原形。

例7—What do you think of it?

— We think it is a thing of importance that it___________done soon.

A. isB. is to be

C. beD. must be

句中be ofimportance=be important，故 that 引导的主语从句用虚拟语气（should）be ，答案选C。

注意： 句型2中也可使用陈述语气，但是不像例句7那样带有感情色彩。

句型3： wish／as if／as though／if only／would rather 的虚拟形式。见下表：

例8 If only he ________quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. 

A. liesB. lay

C. had lainD. should lie

例9 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it___________.

A. breaksB. has broken

C. were brokenD. had been broken

答案： 8. C 9. C

例10—She wouldn't drink her medicine last night, would she?

—.____________.

A. No,but I wish she wouldn't 

B. No, but I wish she had

C. No, but I wish she did

D.No, but I wish she drank

解析：上文是陈述语气，句中wouldn't 表示“不情愿”。答案为 B 。意思是“我希望她昨晚把药服了才好”。

注意： as if／as though 表示“有可能实现的愿望”或事实时，不用虚拟语气。例如： He looks as if he is from England.

句型4： It is／was (high) time that +定语从句中，谓语动词常用过去式或过去完成式。

例11 It's time I_________ and_________ my little girl from school.

A. had gone； picked up

B. went； picked up

C. will go； pick up

D. go； pick up

答案： B。

四、 注意虚拟语气在日常交际（语境）中的灵活应用。

1. 含蓄条件句：即通过某些特定的短语或上下文含蓄地表达虚拟条件的句子。

例12 I didn't know the size you wore, or else I________ you some shoes.

A. would have boughtB. would buy

C. have boughtD. should have bought

解析：短语or else 隐含条件if I had known the size you wore之意，故选A。

2. 时间错综句：从句与上、下文所表示的时间不一致，那么主、从句的谓语动词要分别根据各自表示的时间来确定它的虚拟语气形式。

例13 Ifhe had followed the doctor's advice, he would be quite all right now.

解析：根据句中前部分谓语动词had followed 可知句中前部分是表示对过去的假设，而后面部分是表示与现在事实相反的结果。

练习题

1.—He has just come out of the hospital.

—No wonder he looked as if he _______ill for a long time.

A. wasB. were

C. has beenD. had been

2. But for his friends, he________ of hunger 30 years ago.

A. diedB. would die

C. must have diedD. would have died

3. I can't stand him. He always talks as though he_________ everything.

A. knewB. knows

C. has knownD. had known

4. He______ the job well, but he so careless.

A. hadn't done； had been

B. could have done； was

C. could do； was

D. had done； had been

5. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ________your advice. 

A. followB. would follow

C. had followedD. have followed 

6. It is time that the government________measures to protect the rare birds and animals. 

A. takesB. took

C. has takenD. taking 

7. The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students________three more days to prepare for the exam.A. give

B. should give

C. be givenD. would be given

8. Under more favorable conditions, we________ better.

A. need have done

B. should do

C. could have done

D. might be doing 

虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法 篇4

1.在从句中，be动词多用were的形式。在口语中，如果主语是第一、第三人称单数的话，be动词可用was，但人们总是说：If I were you...

2.主句中的谓语可以由would，should，could和 might这四个不同的情态动词来构成。

3.与将来事实相反的条件从句中，谓语有三种不同的形式：过去式、were +to do或should +do。 例句1：If I were you，I would study hard.我要是你的话，我就会好好学习。(与现在事实相反) 例句2：If I had studied hard，I would have passed CET-6 last semester.我要是早就好好学习的话，那么我上个学期就通过六级考试了。(与过去事实相反) 例句3：If Iwere to pass CET-6，I would treat you to dinner at KFC.我要是过了六级考试，就请你去吃肯德基。(与将来事实相反)

(二)省略/倒装 如果在虚拟从句中包含有一个助动词、情态动词、动词be或have，则可把if省略，把上类动词提到主语之前，使用倒装语序。

例句4：Had it not been for the PLA，we wouldn’t have been able to beat the flood.4要不是人民解放军，我们是无法战胜洪水的。

例句5：Were he here now，he would certainly help me.5他要是在这里肯定会帮我的忙。 注4：例句4中的从句部分出现了否定词not，如果把该句还原成正常语序，应该是： If it hadn’t been for the PLA，we wouldn’t have been able to beat the flood.

最全虚拟语气用法总结 篇5

虚拟语气用在 even if, even though, whatever引导的状语从句中，从句谓语可参照由if引导的.虚拟条件从句的谓语，一般用过去时或过去完成时。例如：

This old machine runs as if it were a new one.

The old worker works as though he were a young man.

Even though she had been here very soon, she would not catch the train.

Example:

He has just arrived, but he talks as if he ______ all about that.

a. know    b. knows   c. known    d. knew

I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything.

a. knew    b. knows   c. has known   d. had known

______ I used a lot of examples I still could not get my idea across.

a. Since   b. But that    c. Now that    d. Even though

2.        虚拟语气用在so that, lest （唯恐）, in case （万一）, unless, in order that（为了，以便）, that（为了，以至于）, for fear that （生怕，以免）, on condition that （如果）等引导的目的，条件状语从句中，从句谓语 may 或 might+原形动词，也有用 should, can, could+原形动词构成的。例如：

The teacher explained the law once more in order that we might understand it better.

Some people eat so that they may live. Others seem to live in order that they may eat.

一些人吃是为了生存，而另一些人似乎是活着就是为了吃。

I left him a note with my address on for fear that he should not know where to see me.

The heroes gave their lives that we might live a happy life.

为了我们过上幸福生活，英雄们献出了自己的生命。

Example:

In case I ______, I would try again.

a. will fail   b. would miss   c. should fail     d. shall miss

You should exercise vigilance _____ you should be killed.

a. so that   b. lest   c. therefore   d. that

3.        虚拟语气用在由 “whether” 引导的让步状语从句中，从句谓语用原形动词。例如：

All engines work on this principle, whether they be large or small.

所有发动机都按这一原理工作，无论它们是大还是小。

We must finish the work before we go home, whether it be early or late.

无论时间早晚，我们必须在回家前干完工作。

All matter, whether it be gas, liquid or solid, is made up of atoms.

所有物质，不论是气体，液体，或固体，都是由原子构成。

在此句型中，可省去 whether ，而将be放在主语前。例如：

Be it so, we must continue to do the test.

We must do our best to fulfil the task, be it ever so hard.

Example:

______ I’ll marry him all the same.

a. Were he rich or poor   b. Be he rich or poor

c. Whether rich or poor   d. Being rich or poor

EXERCISE

1.       ______, I must do another experiment.

a. It is ever so late      b. Ever so late it

c. Be it ever so late     d. Whether be it ever so late

2.       The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it ______ on the way.

a. goes wrong   b. would go wrong  c. went wrong  d. should go wrong

3.       Machines are often oiled so that they ______ well.

a. ran  b. runs   c. should run   d. running

4.       Even if he ______ very busy, he would have kept on learning English.

a. had been   b. was    c. were   d. had being

5.       Supposing the weather ______ bad, where would you go?

a. is   b. will be   c. was   d. were

6.       ______, he could not succeed.

a. However, he tried that    b. He tried however hard

c. However he could try    d. However hard he tried

7.       Even though the enemy ______ wings, they couldn’t escape from our encirclement.

a. had   b. had had  c. have   d. has

8.       She described the accident as if she ______ it herself.

a. saw  b. has seen   c. had seen  d. sees

9.       He came to meet us at the station for fear that we ______ the wrong way.

a. take  b. should take   c. took    d. had taken

10.   The car looked very dirty, as though it ______ hundreds of miles.

a. run  b. runs   c. has run   d. had run

11.   The teacher spoke slowly in order that we ______ no difficulty in following him.

a. should have  b. had   c. will have    d. didn’t have

12.   All magnets behave the same, ______ they large or small.

a. how   b. are   c. be   d. were

13.   At the beginning he didn’t want to speak English lest he  _____ mistakes.

a. will make   b. should make   c. would make   d. can

14.   I remember the whole thing as if it ______ yesterday.

a. happen  b. happens   c. happened  d. happening

15.   She stayed at home for a few days so that she _____ her mother.

a. takes care of   b. took care of   c. might took care of   d. might take care of

16.   She took up the meter with care for fear that it _____ .

a. is damaged   b. to be damaged  c. should be damaged  d. was damaged

17.   In many cases the heating effect is neglected as if there ______ no flow of current along the wire.

a. are   b. were    c. is    d. being

18.   I’ll put the money on the table just in case you ______ it.

a. might need   b. would need   c. needed  d. may have needed

19.   Providing you ______ the opportunity to go abroad, which country would you want to visit first?

a. have   b. will have   c. had    d. have had

20.   The business of each day, ______ selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.

a. it being  b. was it   c. it was   d. be it

★ 虚拟语气语法

★ 虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)

★ 诗句中的雨

★ 真实承诺书

★ 有关日记真实

★ 真实 作文

★ 感叹句中what后面加什么how后面加什么

★ SELECT语句中*号的作用

★ 在语文诗句中的物理现象

虚拟语气学习心得 篇6

首先要确认是非真实的主观愿望后遐想，才是虚拟语气

一、什么情况从句必须用 sb.Should do 的形式

1）should不可以省略的情况：for fear that ,in case that ,lest引导的目的状语。

Eg:

She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in.她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。

He started out earlier lest he should be late.他很早就出发了以防迟到。

2）should可以省略的情况。有两种

第一种：表情绪.观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气.如:necessary.important.impossible.natural.strange.surprising.funny.right.wrong.better.a pity等。

句型：It is.......that 结构后的主语从句，从句的谓语动词都要用 should+原型 或只用动词原型.Eg：

第二种：

1、一想要(desire)

二宁愿(prefer)

三命令(order.command)

四建议(advice.suggest.propose)五要求(demand.require.request.desire.insist)中。无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用：“should + 动词原形”或只用“动词原形”。

如 He suggested that we(should)take the teacher’s advice

He insisted that we(should)take the teacher’s advice

He demand that we(should)take the teacher’s advice

He ordered that we(should)take the teacher’s advice。

二、在虚拟语气中，不管什么人称，be动词都要用were的形式。If I were you, I would pay more attention to English idioms and phrases.三、虚拟语气用在wish 后的宾语从句，一定都是过去式形态。(if only和as if/as though引导的让步状语从句，结构与之相同）a、与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时

eg.I wish I had your brains.(事实：我根本比不上你)

b、与过去事实相反，谓语动词过去完成时

eg:.I wish I had known the truth of the matter.（事实：原来不知道）

c、表示将来难以实现的愿望，谓语动词过去将来时 谓语动词：should/would + 动词原形

eg.I wish I should have a chance again.（事实：很难再有这样的机会了）。

四、从句只接的过去时、过去完成时的情况。

①、would rather 从句谓语动词：过去时（对应现在、将来）、过去完成时（对应过去）

I’d rather you had seen the film yesterday.我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。

I’d rather you were here now.我倒想你现在在这儿。

We’d rather you went here tomorrow.我们倒想你明天去那儿

②、It is time that 从句：过去时。即从句用虚拟过去式。

如It is time that I went to pick up my daughter at school.我该去学校接我的女儿了。

It is high time you should go to work.你早该上班了。

补充：而It is hignt time that从句：表示：“早该做某事了”，其虚拟语气的结构为：It is high time that + 主语+ should + 动词原形，It is high time you should go to work.你早该上班了。

含蓄条件句，在多数情况下，条件会暗含在短语中，如without„., but for„.等

But for his help, we would be working now.要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。

Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress.要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。

五、在whatever，whichever，whenever，whoever, wherever，however, no matter wh-word 等引导的让步状语从句中，从句虚拟语气结构比较特殊。① may +动词原形(指现在或将来)。如：

We will finish it on time no matter what / whatever may happen.不管发生什么事，我们都要按时完成。

We will find him wherever / no matter where he may be.无论他在哪里，我们都要找到他。

I will wait for him no matter how late he may come.不管他来的多么晚，我都会等他。

② may +完成式(指过去)，主句结构不限。如：

You mustn’t be proud whatever / no matter what great progress you may have made.不管你取得了多么大的进步，你也不能骄傲

We must respect him no matter what / whatever mistakes he may have made.不管他犯过什么错误，我们必须尊敬他。

六、两种特殊条件句需注意。

①、含蓄条件句，在多数情况下，条件会暗含在短语中，如without„., but for„.等

would +动词原形(指现在或将来)、现在完成式(指过去)。Eg： 1）But for his help, we would be working now.要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。

2)Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress.要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。

②、错综条件句。1）从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。如：

If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了。2）从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。如：

If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing.如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。

虚拟语气用法小结 篇7

一、以if虚拟条件句形式表现的虚拟的基本结构

[虚拟条件句＼&主句＼&与现在事实相反＼&did/were， would/could/should/might do＼&与过去事实相反＼&had done，would/could/should/might have done＼&与将来事实相反＼&did/were， were to do， should do， would/could/should/might do＼&]

If I were you， I would seize the chance to go abroad.

如果我是你的话，我就会抓住这次去国外的机会。

If you had taken my advice， you would not have failed in the exam.

如果你早接受我的建议，你考试就不会不及格。

If he did not come tomorrow， we would put off the meeting till next Monday.

如果他明天不来，我们就把会议推迟到下星期一。

在这种结构中要注意：

1. 当从句的主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词为系动词be时，一般用were，也可用was代替were。而在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you中，只能用were。如：

If I were you， I would try my best to grasp the chance.

要是我是你的话，我要尽力抓住这次机会。

Were I ten years younger， I would study abroad.

要是我还年轻十岁的话，我会去国外学习。

2. 有时虚拟条件句中，主、从句的动作若不是同时发生，须区别对待（错综时间条件句）。

If I had worked hard at school， I would be an engineer， too.

如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会是工程师了。

If he were free today， we would have sent him to Beijing.

如果他今天有空的话，我们已经派他去北京了。

If he had been working hard， he would be working in the office now.

要是他一直努力工作的话，现在已进了办公室了。

3. 虚拟条件句的省略倒装。虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were， should或had， 可将if省略，再把were， should或had移到从句句首，实行倒装。

Should he agree to go there， we would send him there.

要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。

Were she here， she would agree with us.

如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。

Had he learnt about computers， we would have hired him to work here.

如果她懂一些电脑知识的话，我们会已经聘用他来这里工作了。

4. 含蓄虚拟条件句。if从句没有出现，而是通过otherwise/or/but/without/but for等副词表现虚拟。

I was ill that day. Otherwise， I would have taken part in the sports meeting.

我那天病了，不然我会参加运动会的。

He telephoned to inform me of your birthday， or I would have known nothing about it.

他打电话通知我你的生日，否则我对此一无所知。

I should have given you more help， but I was too busy.

我本应该给你更多的帮助，但是我当时太忙了。

Without/But for your help， we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.

如果没有你的帮助，我们就不能提前完成这项工作。

二、以时态倒退一格的形式表现出来的虚拟

这种虚拟有三种形式：wish后面的宾语从句中；在as if所引导的方式状语从句中；在if only（要是……就好了）句式里。在这三种句式中，对现在的虚拟用一般过去时，对过去的虚拟用过去完成时，对将来的虚拟用过去将来时。

I wish I learnt English well.

我希望我已学好了英语。

I wish I had been there with them last week.

我希望上周跟他们一起在那儿。

They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long.

他们开始热烈的谈论起来，就好像他们已相互认识很久了。

He coughed twice as if someone would come.

他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。

If only I had taken his advice.

要是我早接受他的建议就好了。

三、以should +动词原形形式表现的虚拟（should 可省略）

1. suggest/demand等动词后的宾语从句中，口诀为：

一坚持 insist

二命令 order/command

四要求 demand/desire/require/request

五建议 suggest/advise/recommend/propose/urge

The teacher advised that we should make good use of every minute here.

老师劝我们要好好地利用在这儿的每一分钟。

但是，当insist意为“坚决认为，坚持说”，suggest意为“表明，暗含，暗示”时，宾语从句一般不用虚拟语气。如：

Tom insisted that he hadn’t stolen the watch.

汤姆坚持说他没有偷那块手表。

His smile suggested that he had succeeded in this exam.

他的微笑表明他在考试中成功了。

2. 在上述动词名词形式和其它部分名词所跟的表语从句、同位语从句、主语从句中。

His suggestion is that we should do our work more carefully.

他的建议就是我们的工作要更细心些。

We followed his advice that we should ask our teacher for help.

我们接受了他的建议：我们应该请求老师的帮助。

My idea is that we should think it over before accepting it.

我的想法是我们应该在接受之前好好考虑考虑。

3. 在It is necessary/important/strange that 等构成的主语从句中。

It is important that we should do well in our lessons first.

我们先把功课学好很重要。

It is a pity that we should not meet last night.

真遗憾我们昨天晚上没有见着面。

四、虚拟语气的特殊句式

英语中表示“早该做某事了”时，定语从句中的谓语动词须用虚拟语气，其结构为：It is （high/about） time that+主语+动词的过去式/should+动词原形。如：

It is time that I went to pick up my daughter at school.

我该去学校接我的女儿了。

It is high time you should go to work.

你早该上班了。

1. I you， I would go with him to the party.

A. Was B. Had been

C. Will be D. Were

2. Look at the terrible situation I am in！ If only I your advice.

A. follow B. would follow

C. had followed D. have followed

3.I wish that I with you last night.

A. went B. have gone

C. could go D. could have gone

4. Many citizens suggest that smokers

When theyare smoking in public， which suggests that they the harm of smoking.

A. be fined； have realized

B. should be fined； should have realized

C. are fined； have realized

D. can be fined； might have realized

5. Your advice that till next week is reasonable.

A. she waits B. she wait

C. wait she D. she waited

6. If I ， I would have told you about it.

我如果看过这场电影，我早就把电影内容告诉你了。

7. My suggestion is that we .

我的建议是我们应该让更多的人去参加会议。

8. I last week， but I was so busy that I forgot to do so.

我上星期就该还这本书的，但是我太忙了忘了还。

9. He speaks French so well as if he .

他法语说的那么好，好像他在法国学过似的。

1～5 DCDAB

6. had seen the film

7. （should） get more people to attend the meeting

8. should have returned the book