时尚类英文

时尚类英文（精选8篇）

时尚类英文 篇1

bespoke：couture的同义词，被零售商用来形容高档品，不过现在也不是单单订制服装可以用bespoke了。

statement outfits：用服装来表达某一观点，似乎时尚人士都爱用这种方式来引人注目。

pop-up：今年pop-up商店接连而出，shiseido、allsaints以及zimmermann都推出了自己的pop-up店。店面空旷、创意百出，现在hit-and-run打一枪换一个地方的零售概念风靡全球时尚之都。

fashionista：这个词本来是用来形容时尚达人或者有品位的人，现在这个词也成为省时省力省钱的时尚附庸者们的代名词。

collaborations：h&m携手alber elbaz；gap与stella mccartney合作；jason wu联合tse，2010让我们觉得独立设计已经离我们远去。

concept store：曾经用来形容销售不同于常规设计的产品的商店，像ann taylor的概念店以及oc concept都是较有代表性的概念店。但是现在滥用概念店一说的商店也很多，有待撕开他们的真面目。

geek-chic：2010年，只要你带着黑框眼镜、身着羊毛衣、t-shirt，你也可能被成为geek-chic（狂野风尚）。而且在twitter上处处可见geek-chic这个单词。

eco-fashion：stella mccartney用植物根茎再整理代替人造皮革、软木来制造松糕鞋，michael kors在新设计中用有机羊绒取代棉花。想要让你的设计不退出潮流，你就要考虑eco-fashion。

d.i.y.fashion：diy并不意味着你要亲手织手套，或者成为etsy.com上最成功的卖家。只要你去urban outfitters时能够保持理智就可以了。

heritage：2010年的男装秀场上，我们看到了barbour夹克、red wing 靴子还有woolrich毛衣，怀旧古典风格横行，这也标志着复古风潮将再度来袭。

well-edited：well-edited 取代curated，用来形容某一个被精挑细选而出的服装系列。

时尚类英文 篇2

When you walk in the street,a person who wears pink clothes appears before your eye,you may doubt whether the person is a boy,for you judge the one should be male from the conduct but female from the clothes.Actually,it is the occasion we often encounter now.Nowadays in China,a large number of male youth tend to favor colors like pink,yellow,green and red which are regarded as girls'privilege and they'd like to wear neutral clothes as those boys in"Happy Boy"do.Some boys even wear earrings,necklace or some other ornaments.Those kinds of boys who wear long hair are not novel any more.Those changes attract our attention and consideration.What dose it indicate?What dose it signify from semiotics perspective?

2 Clothing Fashion as a Sign System

For centuries individuals or societies have used clothes and other body adornments as a form of nonverbal communication to indicate occupation,rank,gender,sexual availability,locality,class,wealth and group affiliation.

Clothing fashion restricted by cultural tradition develops with the development of economy,politics and science and technology,meanwhile,exerts an imperceptible influence on people's world values and aesthetic views,even formalizes culture and economic industries of that society.Contemporary clothing is following the developing step of the society,leading the popular trend of the era,catching up with the enormous changes of international society and signifies multi-values and aesthetic views of modern world.People have sensed sensitively some social meaning from this kind of sign.

Likewise,some meaning has been sensed from the changes of male youth's clothing fashion in China.

3 Analysis of the Changes of Male Youth's Clothing Fashion from Semiotics Perspective

3.1 Revolting against tradition and inequality

How we perceive the beauty or ugliness of our bodies is dependant on cultural attitudes to physiognomy.The accepted beautiful female form that Rubens painted is subliminally undesirable nowadays,if we are able to be thought beautiful in a way that the majority accepts in the 21st century.Likewise,the colors and adornments which belong to girls possession in traditional vie will be considered to be appropriate as well to boys,at least boys think so.For centuries,boys are surrounded with colors like gey,dark,dark blue and some other dark colors,while their peers,girls,share the bright colors and the brightness and joy that those colors bring.A sense of inequality and imbalance they have.Boys wearing dress are seen as abnormal and hard to be accepted.The conduct that Zhang Guorong wore dress on his concert is accused severely by the mass.Not long go,Huang Qiusheng wore dress on his"Having appointment with Lu Yu".He giving a show on the stage aroused laugh from audience,and he himself also laughed.It illustrates huang's revolting against tradition but on the other hand,it indicates people unapproved of this kind o clothing fashion for men.With so much inequality pointing to boys they naturally wish to break traditional rules to express their dissatisfaction and send out their counter-culture message by pursuing counter-traditional clothing and adornments.

In addition,emancipation activities of women have existed for a long time and have achieved great success.In particular,emancipation of women and the contribution of all classes of women to the 1914-1918 war enabled and encouraged women to adopt more practica clothing and to try out new styles in fashion,hair and beauty.However when we criticize gender inequality and discrimination angrily all over the world,the scale seems to incline a little.Less cry can be heard from men to ask the equality of the two sexes compared with that o women.In order to attract the attention of the mass and resist this kind of inequality,boys wear bravely and openly.

3.2 Following fashion,seeking a sense of belonging and identity

Fashion can be defined as the prevailing style or custom of dress a cultural code that sets the clothing style standards according to age gender,and class.They provide mental clues to a person's status and occupational role.People are so aware that others make judgments about them through their clothes and accessories that many run up huge debts to appear to belong to a particular lifestyle.Frequently the rest of their role-set are doing likewise.Members of the role-set often encourage them.

Young people in particular adopt the uniform of their peer group However the uniform must be the peer group's uniform,not one imposed on them by adults.Fashion in the form of a mass youth uniform can create a sense of belonging to the peer group and a feeling of identity as the adolescent personality reaches maturation.

The teenager's view of the world is strongly influenced by the attitudes and behavioral standards of the peer group.The clique provides a meaningful social context within which adolescence can bond with their peers,seek protection,and gain self-assurance Clothing style is essential to the teenagers'sense of self-a sure sign that he or she has become socially conscious and thus intensely sensitive to what others think of him or her.The peer group serves as a kind of asylum from the psychological burdens associated with this form of consciousness,allowing the adolescent an opportunity to blend in with others through conformity in dress codes.

For the majority,an old status symbol,be it a brand,logo or attitude accessory is old-fashioned the moment is loses favor within the group.An up to date status symbol cries out to some"I must have i now."The mobile phone as a belt accessory was a perfect example o this.As new products develop,By being the latest in a line of persona wear gadgets it gives unspoken signage about a person of the lates style statement and therefore again by association some deeper meaning about of that person.It is essential to have the latest fashion accessory,to gain instant peer approval.

4 Conclusion

Nowadays,how we perceive our persona and what we want to say to society in a very visual camera obsessed culture,is still expressed through our bodies,the way we wear clothes,jewelers and body art.

Presently in China,boys'clothing fashion signifies that they wan to attract the attention of the mass and the society;they expect to become focus of this era.

参考文献

[1]Davis,Fred. Fashion, Culture, and Identity [M]. The University of Chicago Press,1994.

[2]Rampley,Matthew. Exploring Visual Culture: Definitions, Concepts, Contexts[M]. Edinburgh University Press,2005.

时尚特色类 篇3

项目类别：太空厨房/特色

项目单位：北京星航光国际厨具科技有限公司

投资额度：5.8万元

场所要求：20平方米以上

项目简介：随着神舟九号安全返航，一个长、高、宽均不足30厘米，重量仅仅4.4千克的神秘“白盒”也安全着陆，各项技术参数得到充分验证，完全达到设计要求。这就是我国自主研发的第一款真正意义的“太空厨房”，三位航天员对这台比“巧妇”更巧的太空“大厨”赞不绝口，没有传统意义的锅碗瓢盆，不需要任何人力“掌勺”，完全利用太阳能供电、供热，能定时、定量、自动的做出各种美味佳肴。

推介星级：★★★★★

项目编号：1478

项目类别：数码影像

项目单位：神州科达文化传播（北京）有限公司

投资额度：1-10万

项目简介：公司拥有业内资深学者和高素质的专业技术人才构成的科研精英团队，是目前全国最具实力的数码影像技术服务团队，依托企业广阔的国际视野，吸收、借鉴欧美先进技术，开发出国内领先的数码影像技术软件，打造出全新数码影像品牌——欧丽卡，该品牌已通过国际权威机构认证。“欧丽卡”持续进行软件升级，无论是在产品功能、市场概念还是技术创新等方面都有了巨大的进步，“欧丽卡”数码影像应用软件已不断升级开拓了数十种技术领域。

推介星级：★★★★

项目编号：1348

项目类别：智能家居系统/特色

项目单位：尔申电子科技发展有限公司

项目简介：该公司是集研发、生产、销售和服务为一体的综合型集团公司，专注智能家居技术及相关设备、产品的研发、生产和销售。核心产品“无线中央控制系统”更是为标准化智能家居系统提供出一整套解决方案，囊括了包含智能家居的中央空调、中央新风、中央吸尘、中央净水、背景音乐、家庭影院、安防监控、电动帘幕、自动车库门、电动门窗、温湿控制、照明等多个子系统，实现了以智能安防、智慧照明、高级温控、轻松娱乐等多项系统功能。

推介星级：★★★★

项目编号：1479

项目类别：时尚

项目单位：稀奇古怪连锁机构

投资额度：1-10万

项目简介：稀奇古怪专卖店，用新商道，构建新市场，将各种充满奇思妙想的稀奇古怪产品汇集一堂，每一样产品都是市场上难得一见的新创意，同样的产品不一样风格，不一样的造型、不一样的款式，不一样的功能，让人们瞪大好奇的眼睛，打开想象的天窗，满足了人们求新、求异、求变的猎奇心理，点燃消费激情，打破了“大众化”竞争的怪圈，用差异化竞争，找到新方向，发掘新商机，找准新财源，开辟新通道。

推介星级：★★★★

项目编号：1349

项目类别：自拍照相馆/特色

项目单位：北京创影天下数码科技有限公司

项目简介：该公司是国内较早研究、开发及应用数码成像科技的企业。也是著名的数码影像软件、设备、材料及运营系统的研发专家，在数码影像创意产业上有着悠久的历史和宝贵的经验。公司一贯坚持以质量求生存，以顾客为上帝，研发的数码影像技术先进，创意独特。已成为引领时尚数码影像科技的“先锋企业”。公司先后开发出多介质数码影像机，好易拍特效摄影机、街头拍客专业级自拍摄影系统等多款拳头产品。

推介星级：★★★★

项目编号：1489

项目类别：游戏

项目单位：秦皇岛鼎沃投资咨询有限公司

投资额度：1-10万

场地要求：100平米

项目简介：该公司依托专业的创作团队，先后开办了秦皇岛奇门密室真人逃脱俱乐部代理了燕郊真人密室逃脱俱乐部、深圳密室逃生俱乐部。让玩家能够在现实的生活中体验集解密，机械，科技与一身的密室逃脱游戏的乐趣。

推介星级：★★★★

时尚英文名字 篇4

2、Emily艾米丽

3、paige佩吉

4、sophie索菲

5、autum奥特姆

6、caroline卡洛琳

7、adalyn阿达琳

8、isabella伊丽莎白

9、isla伊斯拉

10、morgan摩根

11、grace格雷丝

12、victoria维多利亚

13、Lillian莉莲

14、Madeline玛德琳

15、rosalie罗莎莉

16、Juliet朱丽叶

17、lydia莉迪亚

18、molly莫莉

19、teagan蒂根

20、Natalie娜塔莉

21、piper皮佩

22、Vivienne薇薇安

23、lila莱拉

24、zoey佐伊

25、charlotte夏洛特

26、madison麦迪逊

27、Genevieve珍妮芙

28、scarlett斯嘉丽

29、lucy露西

30、aurora奥若拉

31、Gabrielle加里布埃尔

32、lily莉莉

33、Audrey奥德丽

34、delilah黛利拉

35、Sydney雪莉

36、Annabelle安娜贝拉

37、esme埃斯米

38、isabelle伊莎贝尔

39、evangeline伊万杰琳

40、taylor泰勒

41、anna安娜

42、sadie莎蒂

43、alice爱丽丝

44、amelia艾米丽娅

45、aria阿里亚

46、sophia索菲娅

47、evelyn伊芙琳

48、Quinn奎恩

49、Brooklyn布鲁克琳

50、nora诺拉

51、layla蕾拉

52、sienna西恩那

53、Julia茱莉亚

54、ruby露比

55、ella艾拉

56、brooke布鲁克

57、clara克莱拉

58、willow薇洛

59、harper哈珀

60、mia米娅

61、keira凯拉

62、addison阿迪森

63、gabriella加布里艾拉

64、cadence卡当斯

65、savannah萨凡纳

66、chloe克洛伊

67、hayley海莉

68、hayden海登

69、Adelaide阿德莱德

70、Penelope佩内洛普

71、eleanor埃莉诺

72、stella斯特拉

73、abigail阿比盖尔

74、Arianna阿里安娜

75、emma艾玛

76、Fiona菲奥娜

77、lauren劳拉

78、ava艾娃

79、leah莉亚

80、Samantha萨曼莎

描写时尚的英文句子 篇5

1、Devil killer body, a large wavy golden hair shine, slender legs wearing a yellow goose miniskirts, show figure of the perfect.魔鬼般惹火的身材，一头大波浪形金黄卷发发出耀眼的光芒，修长的大腿穿着一条鹅黄色的超短迷你裙，显出身材的完美绝伦。

2、White cap set her up long hair and half of his face is obscured, but felt she must be very beautiful, breathtaking beauty!白色的鸭舌帽把她那盘起的长发和半张脸都给遮住了，但能感觉出她一定很漂亮，惊人的漂亮！

3、Fashion is not only a kind of appearance, or an inner, popular may not be suitable for you, but according to their own characteristics to dress up yourself, you belong to that kind, mature, lady, or simple and natural, or pure, or movement, a fact that can all be fashionable.时尚不光是一种外表，还是一种内在，时下流行的不一定都适合你，而是要根据自身的特点来打扮自己，看你属于那一种类型，成熟的，淑女的，还是简单自然的，还是清纯的，还是运动的，其实那一种都可以是时尚的。

4、Clear and bright pupil, the MI, long eyelash tremble slightly, white flawless skin with light pink, thin lips like rose petals delicate drips.清澈明亮的瞳孔，弯弯的柳眉，长长的睫毛微微地颤动着，白皙无瑕的皮肤透出淡淡红粉，薄薄的双唇如玫瑰花瓣娇嫩欲滴。

5、Wheat color skin to a healthy sense of vitality, wearing Nike a complete set of pure white pink edge sportswear, the tiny curly brown hair tied in a relaxed and lively braids, always the confidence of cute expressions.小麦色的皮肤给人一种健康活力的感觉，穿着耐克的一整套的纯白带粉色边运动服，微卷的褐色头发扎成一个轻松活泼的辫子，总是那自信可爱的表情。

6、Hip-hop, cowboy wind, and the wind wind wind, occupation, fur, all-match, hippie, ladies fashion, Korean, Japanese, what is it Fashion is the urban special logo, is a city in the vast city of special psychological needs.嘻哈风、牛仔风、欧美风、职业风、皮草风、百搭、嘻皮、淑女、韩流、哈日，时尚到底是什么？时尚其实是都市特殊的标志，是都市人在纷繁芜杂的城市中特殊的心理需要。

7、Fashion, is a kind of aesthetic view.Brother is a punk, you satisfied 时尚，就是一种审美观。哥就朋克，你不服吗？

8、Wearing a blue skirt, microstrip wheat color skin looks so healthy, black hair like a waterfall vertically over the shoulders, with a reddish face.一个穿着粉蓝色裙子的女孩，微带着小麦色的皮肤看起来是那么健康，乌黑的头发瀑布般垂直地披在肩上，脸蛋微微透着淡红。

时尚摄影师英文简历 篇6

Film Camera Operator

RELEVANT SKILLS

Camera Proficiency:

Arriflex: 2C / 35-III / BL I-IV's / Evolution / 535A&B / 435 / Arricam ST, LT

ARRIFLEX CAMERA ASSISTANT CERTIFICATION - MARCH 1994

Aaton Super16 / Arrifelx M; SR I-III / Auricon(CP16)

Moviecam: Compact / SuperAmerica

B&H Eyemo / Mitchell Fries 35

Contcat Me

adress:guangdong china

email:

teL:1380013800

EXPERIENCE

Production Manager, 1995 - Present

Four Star Productions, Los Angeles, CA - Manage all aspects oftelevision, film, and video production. Additional responsibilitiesinclude handling of financial accounting and bookkeeping for productionoffice. Responsible for international travel and movement of productioncrew and cast.

Assistant Camera Operator, 1990 - 1995

Goldstar Pictures, Los Angeles, CA - Assisted in filming a variety ofproductions, ranging from sporting events to motion pictures. Handled avariety of critical assignments for filming of The Last Mile. Remainedwith company until final wrap of the movie.

FILM PRODUCTIONS

The Last Mile Four Star Films - Film

BMW King Productions - Commercial

Golden Guys Star Pictures - Television Series

Chance and Consequence Showtime - Television Series

DIRECTORS

Laurel Smith

Denise Quandel

Jermey Heckman

EDUCATION

B.A., Fine Arts, Concentration: Photography & Film 1990

时尚类英文 篇7

Tracking a maneuvering target in the presence of clutter or false measurements involves two problems:one is the unknown inputs in the target state equation or the change of target state model that reflects the maneuver another is the presence of false measurements[1,2].Most traditional target tracking algorithms use the dynamic state-space models(DSSM)and assume that target state transformation is a Gaussian stochastic process.Typically the Singer model in[3]is proposed,where the target acceleration is modeled as a zero-mean and first-order Markov process.Target maneuvering is then characterized by changes of acceleration.A multiple model(MM)method is initiated in[4].In this approach,the target motion is represented by a mixture of parallel Gaussian models.The state posterior probability density function(pdf)is modeled by a weighted sum of Gaussians.The main problem of the MM approach is the exponential growth of calculation with the number of the modes,which represents the mixture order of the system pdf and consequently increases the number of filters.Because of its difficulties for practical applications,some suboptimal techniques are proposed[5,6,7,8],where the interacting multiple model(IMM)algorithm[5]is considered as the best choice between the computational complexity and tracking performance.Recently,some improved algorithms based on IMM are proposed,such as the variable structure IMM(VSIMM)[9]and scalar-weight IMM(SIMM)[10].

The above system models all make an assumption that the process and measurement noise are the Gaussian distributed,which is effective in most Gaussian linear systems.Practical tracking systems have the nonlinear characteristics,where the analytic expressions of the posterior pdf are difficult to be derived by the Bayesian framework.Usually,the first two order moments(mean and covariance)are needed to approximate the pdf and estimate the target state,i.e.,EKF,UF.

In last decade a new class of filtering techniques has been developed based on the sequential Monte-Carlo algorithm[11].The main characteristic of these techniques is called the sequential importance sampling approach,which recursively generates Monte-Carlo samples of the state variables.The most popular method of this technique is the particle filter(PF),which has been extensively implemented for maneuvering target tracking[12,13,14]Literature[15]has shown that the PF outperforms the IMM algorithm in multi-modal systems.According to different applications,several kinds of PF methods are developed,where no general and rigorous PF algorithms exists.This is the most serious problem with PF techniques based on Monte-Carlo methods.

Gaussian mixture model(GMM)is applied for parameter estimation in speech and image processing[16]with following property:any non-Gaussian pdf can be approximated by a limited number of Gaussian pdf components[17].Based on this property,the GMM-based filtering methods have been successfully employed for maneuvering target tracking in many circumstances[18,19].A GMM filter is developed in[18]using a target state vector description based on MMSE.The main contribution of this paper is the introduction of an expectation maximization model order reduction algorithm.In[19]the nonlinear Gaussian mixture Kalman filter(NL-GMKF)is developed for maneuvering target tracking with glint noise model.

On the other hand,a critical problem for target tracking in clutter is data association[20,21,22].Especially when the target maneuvers,the target state measurements from kinematic sensors probably deviate from the predictive target position.For the traditional data association process,these measurements may be discarded or hardly affect the state estimates.In view of the contradictions between target maneuvering and data association,the combination of the features or attributes information with the kinematic information can improve the probability of maneuver detecting and tracking accuracy significantly[23].This is because the target features or attributes are not affected by target maneuvers in the manner position measurements.Meanwhile the targets of different class have some maneuver characteristics.For example,warning aircraft has stronger maneuver abilities than civil aircraft.

The tracking approaches based on feature or attribute aided data association have been discussed by many literatures[24,25,26,27].Yaakov Bar-Shalom[24]proposed a tracking algorithm with classification-aided multiframe data association.The paper introduced the confusion matrix to designate classification accuracy for Bayesian classifier.Based on the output of classifier an association likelihood function was constructed with combined target class and state.In a simulation of maneuvering formation target tracking the results have shown that the proposed method can deduce the position and velocity estimation error to some extent[25].

Similar to literature[8],this paper uses a set of models to designate a target class.Target state and class uncertainty is described by a joint state-class pdf.Two kinds of measurements are considered:the state measurements from a kinematic sensor and the class measurements from an attribute sensor.Firstly,the paper proved that the target state pdf and predictive measurement pdf are all Gaussian distributed.Gaussian mixture model is an effective approximation method for this kind of joint pdf,and can represent target maneuvers;secondly,we construct a corresponding tracking gate for each target class based on the method in[28],and achieve the measurement to track association.The contribution of this paper is as follows:1)formed a general GMM representation for maneuvering target tracking system;2)used a class-dependent gating technique for data association.The second point is not discussed in existing literatures.The filter is based on Gaussian mixture Kalman filter(GMKF)in[29].The major difference is that the target state estimation derived here is a weighted sum of that of each class targets.

The paper is organized as follows.The general GMM for maneuvering target tracking is given in Section 1.In Section 2 the tracking gates are constructed and measurements-to-tracks association are achieved according to the joint state-class pdf.A new weighted GMKF algorithm is developed in Section 3.In Section 4 the simulation are carried out and results are analyzed.Our conclusions are summarized in Section 5.

1 System Model

Consider two types of sensor measurements:state measurements from a kinematic sensor and class measurements from an attribute sensor.The joint target state-class pdf:

is denoted as a description of the uncertainty about the true state and the class of an unknown target,where

to time step k from an attribute sensor and a kinematic sensor respectively,i.e.,

Because all the kinematic modes which target can operate are decided by the type of target classes,one of a reasonable assumption is using a model set containing all of the kinematic modes to characterize the target class.If the target of class i has a total of r(i)possible motion models,the model set corresponding to the class i target can be represented by

wheremji is the jth model of class i target.Here we define r as the function of variable i,which means for different types of target and the motion model is not same.Similarly,the model transition probability of class i target can be defined as

wherepilj is the probability of the model j at time k+1 but falls at l at time k for class i target.

For each type of target classes,with the linear Gaussian assumption,the dynamic equation is

where kF is the state transition matrix,Gk is the corresponding gain matrix,uk is the deterministic control input,and vk is assumed to be zero-mean white Gaussian noise with known variance kQ.The superscript i in(5)represents that this equation is for the class i target.

The measurement equation of a kinematic sensor is

whereHk is the measurement matrix,andwk is assumed to be zero-mean white Gaussian noise with known variance kR.It is assumed that there are s classes of target.The output of the Bayesian classifier is denoted as c.The classifier output is a target class.For simplicity,the output set is assumed to be the same as the set of classes.This is easily generalized to the case where the set of classifier outputs is larger than the set of target classes.When the prior probabilityPr{ci}of a target being in class i is known,given that the attribute measurement sequences up to time k,the posterior probability of the target being class i is

wherePr{zkc|ci}is the class likelihood function for classifier,i.e.,the probability of the observable conditioned on the truth of interest.It can be explained as a description of the uncertainty about measurements from an attribute sensor.Usually we determined its value according to the accuracy of the attribute sensor in advance.

For representing the predictive measurement pdf of target state,we define the model probability for class target as below

Predictive model probability

According to the target dynamic and measurement equation,the predictive state pdf at time k for class i is

The predictive state measurement pdf is

where)),is the predictive state measurement pdf conditioned on model j for class i target.With the linear Gaussian assumption the state equation and measurement equation have the following property

whereis predictive state measurement conditioned on model j for class i target;corresponding covariance of predictive measurement.N[⋅]means that the pdf is a Gaussian distribution with corresponding parameters.The sum of all the predictive model probabilities for class i target is

From(13),we proved that the predictive state measurement pdffor class i target in(11)is a Gaussian distribution,i.e.,

2 Data Association

Since the existence of clutter and false alarm,data association becomes a critical step in the process of targe tracking.According to the system model in previous section,we know that the target motion is constrained by the class of target.Note that the predicted state and measurement in(11)(12)are all conditioned on the target class.Ifthe true target class is i,the probability that the measurementfalls into around the predicted measurement ofclass i is likely to be larger than that of the other classes at time k+1.Based on this idea,firstly we construct a gate for each target class individually.Then the measurements are compared with the gate thresholds to get a set of validated measurements.Finally the integrated probabilistic data association(IPDA)technique is used for measurements-to-tracks association[30].

LetGik+1 be the gate conditioned on the class i at time k+1 dependent on the predicted measurement of the class i target.According to the model probability weighted gate defined in[28],the class-conditioned tracking gate at time k+1 is presented as

where is the center of the gate(predictive measurement of target state),i.e.,

and is corresponding covariance,i.e.,

Proof.

With the assumption of the above system model,we define xˆji(k|k)as the state estimation of class i targe conditioned on mode j at time k,and the predictive state measurement can be represented by

The true measurement at time k is

Thus the innovation can be represented by

where

is the predicted state estimate error and

is the predicted model input error.

E[]is the mathematical expectation.According to definition of covariance,the covariance of the innovation in(20)is

where

is the covariance of predictive state estimate error and

is the statistical model error.

The volume of the gate for class i target is

whereΓ(⋅)is the Gamma function.

3 Gaussian Mixture Kalman Filter

Given the state equation(5)and measurement equation(6),predictive measurement pdf for class i target can be represented by a Gaussian mixture pdf with r(i)Gaussian components according to(14).The order of Gaussian mixture pdf is the number of models;the weight of jth Gaussian component is predictive model probabilityof model j.The recursive derivation for weighted Gaussian mixture Kalman filter(WGMKF)is asfollows.

State prediction conditioned on model j for class i

State prediction covariance

State measurement prediction

Innovation and innovation covariance

Filter gain

State estimate conditioned on model j for class i

Updated state for class i

Updated covariance for class i

Finally,according to the posterior probabilities of Bayesian classifier’output the state estimate of true targe is

4 Simulation and Analysis

The simulation is a scenario for tracking a warning aircraft.Fig.1 shows the true trajectory of the alarmaircraft.The target is moving from left to right at a speed of 200 m/s.The maneuver occurs at the 20th simulation second and last 30 simulation seconds.The surveillance equipments are radar and ESM sensor.The ESM obtains feature information as an attribute sensor and radar obtains state measurements as a kinematic sensor.We assume that the ESM measurements are synchronized with the radar sampling rate and correctly associated with the radar measurements according to their bearings.

The true initial target state is assumed to be[10km,8 km].The true state of the target at time k is represented by the following state vector

where xk and yk are the positions of the target in the X,Y coordinates;and x&k and y&k are the corresponding velocities of the target respectively.The state transition matrix,control gain matrix and measurement matrix are given as

The process noisevki～N(,0.022)and state measurement noisekwi～N(1,02).

Two classes of target are assumed to have the corresponding model sets:

The switch between the models is controlled by the following transition probability matrix

The initial model probabilities defined in M1 and M2 are assumed to be equal.The detection probability of the kinematic sensor is 0.95,and the clutter is assumed to be uniformly distributed with the average density 0.05point/km2 over the surveillance region.The class of clutter is selected with the uniform probability among the two possible classes.

According to the class likelihood functionPr{zkc|ci}in(7),the following confusion matrix is defined

for description of the uncertainty about measurements from ESM sensor.cij is the probability of the true class being i when the classifier’s output is j.

In order to justify the advantages of our method,three types of algorithms for tracking the target in the simulation scenario are implemented.Algorithm 1 uses the traditional IMMPDA filter described in[1];Algorithm2 is an IMM filter with the classification-aided multiframe data association(CA-MDA)in[24];Algorithm 3 uses the proposed in this paper.The position estimation RMS and velocity estimation RMS are shown in Fig.2∼Fig.5respectively.

For the first 20 seconds and the last 20 seconds the alarm aircraft moves in constant speed linear motion,the estimation RMS derived from three algorithms are almost the same.When the target maneuvers at the 20th second we can clearly see that the position and velocity estimation RMS in WGMKF algorithm are less than that in IMMPDA and CA-MDA.IMMPDA is not sensitive to slow change in the models.In our scenario the target models transit from constant speed linear motion to constant speed turning model with slow change,thus make a large estimation error.The CA-MDA filter uses S-D assignment algorithm in data association.Because the classification-aided S-D assignment algorithm assigns not more than one measurement,it tends to present false association in the process of single target tracking,which seriously deteriorates the filtering performance.

5 Conclusions

5类护肤品买断时尚秋冬 篇8

第1类时尚护肤品：洁肤就保湿

为都市肌肤干燥症提供温和滋润

每天的工作压力以及心理压力都会影响女性神经系统以及荷尔蒙的分泌，这都会影响到肌肤状况。同时肌肤保持水分的功能以及自我修护天然滋润保护膜的功能也会大大降低，因此肌肤变得干燥缺水。

倩碧把这种在任何类型肌肤上都可能发生的现象称为“都市肌肤干燥综合症”，并针对现代女性繁忙生活对肌肤产生的影响，由皮肤学专家研制出一种全新的保湿洁肤水，帮助肌肤回复其原有的保湿功能。

倩碧相信基础的护肤步骤是非常重要的，其中洁肤水所起的作用，更是至关重要。在用倩碧洁面皂清洁以后的肌肤上，你必须使用保湿洁肤水。针对亚洲女性肌肤的需要，为其特别研制了一款全新的具有生物转换保湿功能的化妆水，充分补充水分，温和去除死皮细胞。在产品中运用与肌肤构成一样的天然成分，不但能给予肌肤外在的水分滋润保护，更能令肌肤从内在自我保湿。并使肌肤为吸收其后的滋润产品作好准备。

第一类型肌肤：干性或敏感性肌肤，肌肤有紧绷感及细纹

倩碧保湿洁肤水1号

专为极其干燥、娇嫩的肌肤设计，帮助解决由于干燥而引起的肌肤问题

第二类型肌肤：两颊感觉比较干燥，而T字部位则比较油

倩碧保湿洁肤水2号

第三类型肌肤：油性肌肤

倩碧保湿洁肤水3号

使油性肌肤更清爽、洁净；肤色均匀帮助肌肤度过季节转换时期，让肌肤更光滑，清爽

专家建议使用的肌肤年龄：

18岁以上的任何肌肤和肤质

产品的时尚指数：

★★★★★ 全天候清洁产品

价位：200ml/210元

第2类时尚护肤品：补水先蝉透心灵

蝉意无限的水分缘舒缓肌肤的最高礼遇

静谧的青翠之中，在粉色玫瑰花瓣铺就的小径里穿行，那份孱蝉的境界不由得令肌肤释放着圣洁的剔透，兰寇的水分缘舒缓系列让肌肤得到了最高的礼遇。

肌肤水分的流失让肌肤从最高境界逐渐跌落，而兰寇的水分缘舒缓系列能瞬间渗入肌肤的深层，迅速补充水分，能有效缓解肌肤干渴的状况，润泽丰盈肌肤。另一个专利特别为肌肤源源补水需求研制高水分载体，可强化肌肤表层的天然锁水屏障，承载并输送保湿因子抵达肌肤深层，12小时长效锁水，定时定量源源释放，滋润肌肤。

创新科技的生物修护聚合体，能瞬间渗入肌肤将角质层细胞之间的空隙补满，强化肌肤天然保护屏障，分割细胞与外界的侵害，增强肌肤自我抵抗能力，焕发肌肤自身水能量，改善肤质、平滑肌肤。

不可思议的超细精华质地，宛如玫瑰花的柔嫩，在润泽肌肤的同时更让肌肤体验欢娱的使用感受。透明、淡粉的玫瑰色调，预言了舒缓艺人的终极温柔的抚触。

清新的香氛，透过前、中、后循序渐进的芬芳，让身体自然调节平稳呼吸，舒缓紧绷的肌肤，与心灵宁静共鸣。

兰蔻水分缘舒缓精华液：全方位密集保湿12小时源源滋润。为了解决肌肤水分的流失问题。LANCOME兰蔻特别开发出的专利强效保湿因子，它比普通的保水因子更细小，水分更充足，能够瞬间深入肌肤深层，迅速补充水分。在有效缓解肌肤干渴状况的同时，滋润，丰盈肌肤。

专家建议使用的肌肤年龄：

25岁以上干燥的肌肤。

产品的时尚指数：

★★★★★瞬间深入保湿长达12小时

价位：兰蔻水分缘舒缓精华液480元

第3类时尚护肤品：提速青春的抗老化驻颜

60分钟让容颜找到青春时的感觉

高科技总是让惊喜一次次出现在女性的脸上，Dior迪奥又一次借助高科技用Capture R60/80TM逆时空活肤驻颜系列让女性肌肤不老成为现实。

Dior迪奥的科研人员发现肌肤皱纹产生有四大“分子信号”，分别是细胞含水量下降，细胞活动能力降低，蛋白酶活性不足以及蛋白质自然合成下降。在这一发现的基础上，Dior迪奥的科研人员发现了三种专利成分：锦葵花鞘萃取精华，雪绒草精华以及脂质缩氨酸，结合成为超级抗皱复合物R-Complex(r)针对皱纹产生的四大“分子信号”，准确地瞄准分子信号以及其它导致皱纹形成的因素，对它们进行修复。而突破性的双重修复科技——R60/80TM技术则实现了瞬间修复和长期抗皱效果的完美结合。正如它的名字所显示的那样，使用60分钟后，细纹和皱纹减少60%，肌肤立即恢复光滑平整；而使用一个月后，80%的使用者出现明显恢复青春的迹象！

因此，有史以来第一次，女性们终于可以拥有在瞬间和长期都效果出色的抗皱产品——Capture R60/80TM逆时空活肤驻颜系列。全系列共7件产品，满足日常保养到特殊保养的所有需求。其中主打产品Capture R60/80TM逆时空活肤驻颜精华将R60/80(tm)技术与先进的脂质囊浓缩成分搭配得天衣无缝，修复受损蛋白质，促进细胞恢复。使肌肤得到新生，更晶莹，更强韧，更光滑！

专家建议使用的肌肤年龄：

35岁以上干燥的肌肤。已经开始出现皱纹的肌肤。

产品的时尚指数：

★★★★★全面抗皱

价位：逆时空活肤驻颜精华CAPTURE XR60/80(tm) RMB900/50ml、逆时空活肤驻颜乳霜Capture R60/80(tm) CREAM RMB740/50ml、逆时空活肤驻颜眼霜CAPTURE R60/80(EYE RMB480/15ml、逆时空活肤驻颜夜用乳液CAPTURE R60/80(tm)NIGHT RMB550/30ml

第4类时尚护肤品：抚平皱纹玲珑面部线条

植物紧肤霜的神奇时代

美丽的太阳花，柔韧性极强，而红杉树又是生生不息长青生命的象征，将这些植物的精华萃取出来提炼而成的娇韵诗新生紧肤系列为肌肤细胞带来鲜活的动力，改善面部轮廓，让面部肌肤线条重显生动和紧致，皱纹也将神奇地被抚平。

来自法国的娇韵诗，在科研技术的支持下不断研制出引导时尚的最新产品。研究室在植物中发现植物助长激素在皮肤表面能发挥卓越的功效，提升和增强细胞的活化、聚合和更生，帮助维持结缔组织的密度。研究室将向日葵和红杉中植物助长激素加上娇韵诗独有的复合成分，研制出娇韵诗新生紧肤系列，为细胞提供原动力。

全效紧肤多元精华

最完美的抗衰老植物精华液。

全效多元精华，将42种活性植物精华注入瓶中，以双管将植物保存在亲水质及脂溶质中，展现高科技的平衡感，使植物的萃取在妥善的保存中发挥最大的效能，达到强化肌肤的六大功效：活化、保湿、活氧抗老、滋养、再生、保护。

使用方法：将产品平放桌上，轻压2～3滴于手上静置10秒回温，再均匀轻压全脸(包括眼睛四周及颈部)。

专家建议使用的肌肤年龄：

35岁以上的女性, 建议用本品作为日常抗老防皱的基础保养。35岁以下女性, 适合用本品当作密集性加强护理用品, 可于短期内有效活化肌肤, 改善气色。

价位：15ml×2(玻璃唧筒瓶包装)/720元

新生紧肤日霜/日间乳

为有需要的肌肤进行抗皱护理

第一款为肌肤带来永久青春印象的抗皱护理产品。温和的紧致肌肤，有效减少皱纹和幼纹，使肌肤保持年轻光彩。

专家建议使用的肌肤年龄：

为年逾40的女性设计。所有肌肤适用。

价位：50ml/580元

新生紧肤晚霜

成熟肌肤的完美夜间保养产品

高效能，高品质的天然成分，温和抚平皱纹，舒缓肌肤紧实，更新效果,抚平幼纹帮助减淡皱纹。清早醒来，肌肤呈现年轻光彩。

专家建议使用的肌肤年龄：

为40岁以上女性干燥，脆弱的肌肤带来完美的夜间保养，是新生紧肤日间保养品的有效补充。丰润，舒适的质地，在夜间激活修护肌肤。所有肌肤，包括干性肌肤适用。

产品的时尚指数：

★★★★★紧致肌肤抚平皱纹

价位：50ml/620元

第5类时尚护肤品：美肤又美色

生机勃勃红颜重显的OLIGO 25亮颜

美丽容颜的标准虽然各国不同,但是,充满活力红润健康的亮丽肌肤是每个女人的梦想。来自法国的健康护肤品牌VICHY薇姿OLIGO 25亮颜活力系列能为肌肤带来梦想中生机勃勃效果。

VICHY薇姿Oligo 25亮颜活力系列，是首个激活皮肤微循环的润肤露，采用不同于其他品牌的独特成分，加入了防止血管收缩，使皮肤展现健康红润的微量元素Mn(锰）；具有轻柔去角质功能，使皮肤表面光滑平整的天然多聚醣；长时间补充并锁住肌肤的水分的保湿剂；舒缓、抗过敏和加强皮肤天然保护功能的薇姿温泉水。研究表明，它可持续24小时优化面部血液和水分，从而激活微循环，为肌肤减压。黯淡枯黄的皮肤在用了Oligo 25后，同黯淡肤色关联的橄榄色显著减少，而同健康肤色相关联的淡粉红色显著增加。并且，Oligo 25显著增加了皮肤的光泽和澄明度，使用者在使用了28天之后，展现健康红润肤色。根据角质测定仪的不间断测量，结果显示使用Oligo 25之后有非常好的保湿效果，其滋润效果可长达24小时。

“激活微循环，释放肌肤活力，展现健康红润肤色”，Oligo 25使你足不出户，在短短的28天为你带来健康红润的脸色。

专家建议使用的肌肤年龄：

25岁以上干燥的肌肤。

产品的时尚指数：

★★★★★ 改善微循环、红润肤色和保湿

价位：亮颜活力凝露——适合中性和混合性皮肤RMB198元