高考数学真题分类精讲

2024-09-04

高考数学真题分类精讲(通用6篇)

高考数学真题分类精讲 篇1

三、复数

一、单选题

1.(2021·全国)已知,则()

A.

B.

C.

D.

2.(2021·浙江)已知,(i为虚数单位),则()

A.

B.1

C.

D.3

3.(2021·全国(文))已知,则()

A.

B.

C.

D.

4.(2021·全国(理))设,则()

A.

B.

C.

D.

5.(2021·全国(文))设,则()

A.

B.

C.

D.

6.(2020·海南)=()

A.

B.

C.

D.

7.(2020·北京)在复平面内,复数对应的点的坐标是,则().

A.

B.

C.

D.

8.(2020·浙江)已知a∈R,若a–1+(a–2)i(i为虚数单位)是实数,则a=()

A.1

B.–1

C.2

D.–2

9.(2020·海南)()

A.1

B.−1

C.i

D.−i

10.(2020·全国(文))若,则z=()

A.1–i

B.1+i

C.–i

D.i

11.(2020·全国(文))若,则()

A.0

B.1

C.

D.2

12.(2020·全国(理))复数的虚部是()

A.

B.

C.

D.

13.(2020·全国(理))若z=1+i,则|z2–2z|=()

A.0

B.1

C.

D.2

14.(2020·全国(文))(1–i)4=()

A.–4

B.4

C.–4i

D.4i

15.(2019·北京(理))已知复数z=2+i,则

A.

B.

C.3

D.5

16.(2019·全国(理))若,则

A.

B.

C.

D.

17.(2019·全国(文))设z=i(2+i),则=

A.1+2i

B.–1+2i

C.1–2i

D.–1–2i

18.(2019·全国(文))设,则=

A.2

B.

C.

D.1

19.(2019·全国(理))设z=-3+2i,则在复平面内对应的点位于

A.第一象限

B.第二象限

C.第三象限

D.第四象限

20.(2019·全国(理))设复数z满足,z在复平面内对应的点为(x,y),则

A.

B.

C.

D.

21.(2018·北京(理))在复平面内,复数的共轭复数对应的点位于

A.第一象限

B.第二象限

C.第三象限

D.第四象限

22.(2018·全国(理))

A.

B.

C.

D.

23.(2018·全国(文))

A.

B.

C.

D.

24.(2018·全国(理))

A.

B.

C.

D.

25.(2018·全国(文))设,则

A.

B.

C.

D.

26.(2018·浙江)若复数,其中i为虚数单位,则

=

A.1+i

B.1−i

C.−1+i

D.−1−i

27.(2017·全国(理))=()

A.1+2i

B.1-2i

C.2+i

D.2-i

28.(2017·全国(文))下列各式的运算结果为纯虚数的是

A.(1+i)2

B.i2(1-i)

C.i(1+i)2

D.i(1+i)

29.(2017·全国(理))复数等于

()

A.

B.

C.

D.

30.(2017·全国(文))下列各式的运算结果为纯虚数的是()

A.

B.

C.

D.

31.(2017·山东(理))已知,是虚数单位,若,则

A.1或

B.或

C.

D.

32.(2017·山东(理))已知,是虚数单位,若,则

A.1或

B.或

C.

D.

33.(2017·全国(理))(2017高考新课标III,理3)设复数z满足(1+i)z=2i,则∣z∣=

A.

B.

C.

D.2

34.(2017·全国(理))设有下面四个命题

:若复数满足,则;

:若复数满足,则;

:若复数满足,则;

:若复数,则.其中的真命题为

A.

B.

C.

D.

35.(2017·全国(文))复平面内表示复数z=i(–2+i)的点位于

A.第一象限

B.第二象限

C.第三象限

D.第四象限

36.(2017·山东(文))已知i是虚数单位,若复数z满足,则=

A.-2i

B.2i

C.-2

D.2

37.(2017·北京(文))若复数(1–i)(a+i)在复平面内对应的点在第二象限,则实数a的取值范围是

A.(–∞,1)

B.(–∞,–1)

C.(1,+∞)

D.(–1,+∞)

38.(2017·全国(文))(2017新课标全国卷II文科)

A.

B.

C.

D.

二、填空题

39.(2020·天津)是虚数单位,复数_________.

40.(2020·江苏)已知是虚数单位,则复数的实部是_____.41.(2020·全国(理))设复数,满足,则=__________.42.(2019·江苏)已知复数的实部为0,其中为虚数单位,则实数a的值是_____.43.(2019·天津(文))是虚数单位,则的值为__________.44.(2019·浙江)复数(为虚数单位),则________.45.(2019·上海)设为虚数单位,则的值为__________

46.(2018·上海)已知复数满足(是虚数单位),则

47.(2018·江苏)若复数满足,其中i是虚数单位,则的实部为________.

48.(2018·天津(理))i是虚数单位,复数___________.49.(2017·上海)已知复数满足,则_____________.

50.(2017·天津(文))已知,为虚数单位,若为实数,则的值为__________.

51.(2017·江苏)已知复数z=(1+i)(1+2i),其中i是虚数单位,则z的模是__________

三、双空题

52.(2017·浙江)已知a,b∈R,(i是虚数单位)则

______,ab=________.

近五年(2017-2021)高考数学真题分类汇编

三、复数(答案解析)

1.C

【解析】因为,故,故

故选:C.2.C

【解析】,利用复数相等的充分必要条件可得:.故选:C.3.B

【解析】,.故选:B.4.C

【解析】设,则,则,所以,解得,因此,.故选:C.5.C

【解析】由题意可得:.故选:C.6.B

【解析】

故选:B

7.B

【解析】由题意得,.故选:B.8.C

【解析】因为为实数,所以,故选:C

9.D

【解析】

故选:D

10.D

【解析】

因为,所以.11.C

【解析】

因为,所以

故选:C.

12.D

【解析】

因为,所以复数的虚部为.故选:D.13.D

【解析】

由题意可得:,则.故.故选:D.14.A

【解析】

.故选:A.15.D

【解析】∵

故选D.16.D

【解析】.故选D.

17.D

【解析】,所以,选D.

18.C

【解析】

因为,所以,所以,故选C.

19.C

【解析】由得则对应点(-3,-2)位于第三象限.故选C.

20.C

【解析】则.故选C.

21.D

【解析】的共轭复数为

对应点为,在第四象限,故选D.22.D

【解析】

故选D.23.D

【解析】,故选D.24.D

【解析】选D.25.C

【解析】,则,故选c.26.B

【解析】,选B.27.D

【解析】由题意,故选:D.28.A

【解析】

由题意,对于A中,复数为纯虚数,所以正确;

对于B中,复数不是纯虚数,所以不正确;

对于C中,复数不是纯虚数,所以不正确;

对于D中,复数不是纯虚数,所以不正确,故选A.29.D

【解析】=2-i.故选D.30.C

【解析】,,所以选C.31.A

【解析】

由得,所以,故选A.32.A

【解析】

由得,所以,故选A.33.C

【解析】

由题意可得,由复数求模的法则可得,则故选C.34.B

【解析】

令,则由得,所以,故正确;

当时,因为,而知,故不正确;

当时,满足,但,故不正确;

对于,因为实数的共轭复数是它本身,也属于实数,故正确,故选B.35.C

【解析】,则表示复数的点位于第三象限.所以选C.36.A

【解析】

由得,即,所以,故选A.37.B

【解析】

试题分析:设,因为复数对应的点在第二象限,所以,解得:,故选B.38.B

【解析】由题意,故选B.39.

【解析】.故答案为:.40.3

【解析】∵复数∴∴复数的实部为3.41.

【解析】设,,又,所以,.42.2.【解析】,令得.43.

【解析】.

44.【解析】.45.

【解析】

由,得,即,46.5

【解析】由(1+i)z=1﹣7i,得,则|z|=.故答案为5.

47.2

【解析】因为,则,则的实部为.48.4–i

【解析】由复数的运算法则得:.49.

【解析】由,得,设,由得,即,解得,所以,则.

50.-2

【解析】为实数,则.51.

【解析】复数z=(1+i)(1+2i)=1﹣2+3i=﹣1+3i,∴|z|.

故答案为.

52.5,2

【解析】

高考真题语法分类练习(一) 篇2

1. (2012四川) He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It’s just a matter of ___ .

A. luckB. value

C. timeD. fact

2. (2012全国Ⅱ) The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great ___ in this city.

A. quantityB. progress

C. productionD. demand

3. (2012江西) You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ___ .

A. purposeB. reference

C. progressD. memory

4. (2012湖北) It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ___ .

A. symptomB. similarity

C. sampleD. shadow

5. (2012湖北) The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ___ in applying for a visa.

A. patternB. procedure

C. programD. perspective

6. (2012福建) —Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?

—Well, you know, English is my ___ . So it is my best choice.

A. strengthB. talent

C. abilityD. skill

7. (2012浙江) Your ___ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflection on how you learn.

A. operationB. growth

C. performanceD. character

8. (2012江苏) — Can I help you with it?

—I appreciate your ___ , but I can manage it myself.

A. adviceB. question

C. offerD. idea

9. (2011四川) Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children’s ___ .

A. touchB. sight

C. reachD. distance

10. (2011山东) There’s a ___ in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.

A. traditionB. balance

C. concernD. relationship

11. (2011福建) The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major ___ of global climate change.

A. resultB. cause

C. warningD. reflection

12. (2011江西) What’s the ___ , in your opinion, of helping him if he doesn’t make an effort to help himself?

A. sympathyB. theme

C. objectD. point

13. (2011湖北) “Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with ___ clearly in her voice.

A. angerB. rudeness

C. regretD. panic

14. (2010天津) James took the magazines off the little table to make ___ for the television.

A. roomB. area

C. fieldD. position

15. (2010山东) Those who suffer from headache will find they get ___ from this medicine.

A. reliefB. safety

C. defenseD. shelter

16. (2010湖北) This restaurant has become popular for its wide ___ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.

A. divisionB. area

C. rangeD. circle

17. (2010江苏) The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good ___ .

A. expectationB. reputation

C. contributionD. civilization

18. (2010安徽) I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond ___ .

A. hearingB. strength

C. recognitionD. measure

19. (2010江西) Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000, a (n) ___ of 40,000 per year.

A. averageB. number

C. amountD. quantity

20. (2010浙江) The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don’t give you any direct ___ .

A. solutionB. target

C. measureD. function

冠 词

1. (2012四川) We are said to be living in ___ Information Age, ___ time of new discoveries and great changes.

A. an; theB. 不填; the

C. 不填; aD. the; a

2. (2012全国Ⅰ) Sarah looked at ___ finished painting with _____ satisfaction.

A. 不填; aB. a; the

C. the; 不填D. the; a

3. (2012全国Ⅱ) He missed ___ gold in the high jump, but will get ___ second chance in the long jump.

A. the; theB. 不填; a

C. the; aD. a; 不填

4. (2012安徽) Carl is studying ___ food science at college and hopes to open up ___ meat processing factory of his own one day.

A. 不填; aB. 不填; the

C. the; aD. the; the

5. (2012江西) The Smiths don’t usually like staying at ___ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ___ sea.

A. 不填; aB. the; the

C. 不填; theD. the; a

6. (2012山东) Being able to afford ___ drink would be ___ comfort in those tough times.

A. the; theB. a; a

C. a; 不填D. 不填; a

7. (2012辽宁) I woke up with ___ bad headache, yet by ___ evening the pain had gone.

A. the; theB. the; an

C. a; theD. a; an

8. (2012浙江) The development of industry has been ___ gradual process throughout ___ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.

A. 不填; theB. the; a

C. a; 不填D. a; a

高考数学真题分类精讲 篇3

2014年高考数学(文)真题分类汇编:集合与常用逻辑用语 A1集合及其运算

1.[2014·北京卷] 若集合A={0,1,2,4},B={1,2,3},则A∩B=()

A.{0,1,2,3,4}B.{0,4}

C.{1,2}D.{3}

1.C

1.[2014·福建卷] 若集合P={x|2≤x<4},Q={x|x≥3},则P∩Q等于()

A.{x|3≤x<4}B.{x|3

C.{x|2≤x<3}D.{x|2≤x≤3}

1..A

16.[2014·福建卷] 已知集合{a,b,c}={0,1,2},且下列三个关系:①a≠2;②b=2;③c≠0有且只有一个正确,则100a+10b+c等于________.

16.201

1.[2014·广东卷] 已知集合M={2,3,4},N={0,2,3,5},则M∩N=()

A.{0,2}B.{2,3}

C.{3,4}D.{3,5}

1.B

1.[2014·湖北卷] 已知全集U={1,2,3,4,5,6,7},集合A={1,3,5,6},则∁UA=()

A.{1,3,5,6}B.{2,3,7}

C.{2,4,7}D.{2,5,7}

1.C

2.[2014·湖南卷] 已知集合A={x|x>2},B={x|1<x<3},则A∩B=()

A.{x|x>2}B.{x|x>1}

C.{x|2<x<3}D.{x|1<x<3}

2.C

11.[2014·重庆卷] 已知集合A={3,4,5,12,13},B={2,3,5,8,13},则A∩B=________.

11.{3,5,13}

1.[2014·江苏卷] 已知集合A={-2,-1,3,4},B={-1,2,3},则A∩B=________.

1.{-1,3}

2.[2014·江西卷] 设全集为R,集合A={x|x2-9<0},B={x|-1

A.(-3,0)B.(-3,-1)

C.(-3,-1]D.(-3,3)

2.C

1.[2014·辽宁卷] 已知全集U=R,A={x|x≤0},B={x|x≥1},则集合∁U(A∪B)=()

A.{x|x≥0}B.{x|x≤1}

C.{x|0≤x≤1}D.{x|0<x<1}

1.D

1.[2014·全国卷] 设集合M={1,2,4,6,8},N={1,2,3,5,6,7},则M∩N中元素的个数为()

A.2B.3

C.5D.7

1.B

1.[2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ] 已知集合A={-2,0,2},B={x|x2-x-2=0},则A∩B=()

A.∅B.{2}

C.{0}D.{-2}

1.B

1.[2014·全国新课标卷Ⅰ] 已知集合M={x|-1<x<3},N={-2<x<1},则M∩N=

()

A.(-2,1)B.(-1,1)

C.(1,3)D.(-2,3)

1.B

2.[2014·山东卷] 设集合A={x|x2-2x<0},B={x|1≤x≤4},则A∩B=()

A.(0,2]B.(1,2)

C.[1,2)D.(1,4)

2.C

1.[2014·陕西卷] 设集合M={x|x≥0,x∈R},N={x|x2<1,x∈R},则M∩N=()

A.[0,1]B.(0,1)C.(0,1]D.[0,1)

1.D

1.[2014·四川卷] 已知集合A={x|(x+1)(x-2)≤0},集合B为整数集,则A∩B=()

A.{-1,0}B.{0,1}

C.{-2,-1,0,1}D.{-1,0,1,2}

1.D

20.[2014·天津卷] 已知q和n均为给定的大于1的自然数,设集合M={0,1,2,„,-q-1},集合A={x|x=x1+x2q+„+xnqn1,xi∈M,i=1,2,„,n}.

(1)当q=2,n=3时,用列举法表示集合A.--(2)设s,t∈A,s=a1+a2q+„+anqn1,t=b1+b2q+„+bnqn1,其中ai,bi∈M,i=1,2,„,n.证明:若an<bn,则s<t.20.解:(1)当q=2,n=3时,M={0,1},A={x|x=x1+x2·2+x3·22,xi∈M,i=1,2,3},可得A={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7}.

--(2)证明:由s,t∈A,s=a1+a2q+„+anqn1,t=b1+b2q+„+bnqn1,ai,bi∈M,i

=1,2,„,n及an

--s-t=(a1-b1)+(a2-b2)q+„+(an-1-bn-1)qn2+(an-bn)qn1

-≤(q-1)+(q-1)q+„+(q-1)q n-2-qn1

(q-1)(1-qn1)n-1=-q 1-q

=-1<0,所以s

A.(-∞,5]B.[2,+∞)

C.(2,5)D.[2,5]

1.D [解析] 依题意,易得S∩T=[2,5],故选D.A2命题及其关系充分条件必要条件

5.[2014·北京卷] 设a,b是实数,则“a>b”是“a2>b2”的()

A.充分而不必要条件

B.必要而不充分条件

C.充分必要条件

D.既不充分也不必要条件

5.D

7.[2014·广东卷] 在△ABC中,角A,B,C所对应的边分别为a,b,c,则“a≤b”是“sin A≤sin B”的()

A.充分必要条件

B.充分非必要条件

C.必要非充分条件

D.非充分非必要条件

7.A

6.[2014·江西卷] 下列叙述中正确的是()

A.若a,b,c∈R,则“ax2+bx+c≥0”的充分条件是“b2-4ac≤0”

B.若a,b,c∈R,则“ab2>cb2”的充要条件是“a>c”

C.命题“对任意x∈R,有x2≥0”的否定是“存在x∈R,有x2≥0”

D.l是一条直线,α,β是两个不同的平面,若l⊥α,l⊥β,则α∥β

6.D

5.[2014·辽宁卷] 设a,b,c是非零向量,已知命题p:若a·b=0,b·c=0,则=0;命题q:若a∥b,b∥c,则a∥c.则下列命题中真命题是()

A.p∨qB.p∧q

C.(綈p)∧(綈q)D.p∨(綈q)

5.A

3.[2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ] 函数f(x)在x=x0处导数存在.若p:f′(x0)=0,q:x=x0是f(x)的极值点,则()

A.p是q的充分必要条件

B.p是q的充分条件,但不是q的必要条件

C.p是q的必要条件,但不是q的充分条件

D.p既不是q的充分条件,也不是q的必要条件

3.C

4.[2014·山东卷] 用反证法证明命题“设a,b为实数,则方程x2+ax+b=0至少有一个实根”时,要做的假设是()

A.方程x2+ax+b=0没有实根

B.方程x2+ax+b=0至多有一个实根

C.方程x2+ax+b=0至多有两个实根

D.方程x2+ax+b=0恰好有两个实根

4.A

an+an+18.[2014·陕西卷] 原命题为“若an,n∈N+,则{an}为递减数列”,关于其逆2

命题,否命题,逆否命题真假性的判断依次如下,正确的是()

A.真,真,真B.假,假,真

C.真,真,假D.假,假,假

8.A

15.[2014·四川卷] 以A表示值域为R的函数组成的集合,B表示具有如下性质的函数φ(x)组成的集合:对于函数φ(x),存在一个正数M,使得函数φ(x)的值域包含于区间[-M,M].例如,当φ1(x)=x3,φ2(x)=sin x时,φ1(x)∈A,φ2(x)∈B.现有如下命题:

①设函数f(x)的定义域为D,则“f(x)∈A”的充要条件是“∀b∈R,∃a∈D,f(a)=b”; ②若函数f(x)∈B,则f(x)有最大值和最小值;

③若函数f(x),g(x)的定义域相同,且f(x)∈A,g(x)∈B,则f(x)+g(x)∈/B;

x④若函数f(x)=aln(x+2)+(x>-2,a∈R)有最大值,则f(x)∈B.x+1

其中的真命题有________.(写出所有真命题的序号)

15.①③④

2.[2014·浙江卷] 设四边形ABCD的两条对角线为AC,BD,则“四边形ABCD为菱形”是“AC⊥BD”的()

A.充分不必要条件

B.必要不充分条件

C.充分必要条件

D.既不充分也不必要条件

2.A

6.[2014·重庆卷] 已知命题p:对任意x∈R,总有|x|≥0,q:x=1是方程x+2=0的根.则下列命题为真命题的是()

A.p∧綈qB.綈p∧q

C.綈p∧綈qD.p∧q

6.A

A3基本逻辑联结词及量词

2.[2014·安徽卷] 命题“∀x∈R,|x|+x2≥0”的否定是().

A.∀x∈R,|x|+x2<0

B.∀x∈R,|x|+x2≤0

C.∃x0∈R,|x0|+x20<0

D.∃x0∈R,|x0|+x20≥0

2.C

5.[2014·福建卷] 命题“∀x∈[0,+∞),x3+x≥0”的否定是()

A.∀x∈(-∞,0),x3+x<0

B.∀x∈(-∞,0),x3+x≥0

C.∃x0∈[0,+∞),x30+x0<0

D.∃x0∈[0,+∞),x30+x0≥0

5.C

3.[2014·湖北卷] 命题“∀x∈R,x2≠x”的否定是()

A.∀x∈/R,x2≠xB.∀x∈R,x2=x

C.∃x0∈/R,x20≠x0D.∃x0∈R,x20=x0

3.D

1.[2014·湖南卷] 设命题p:∀x∈R,x2+1>0,则綈p为()

A.∃x0∈R,x20+1>0B.∃x0∈R,x20+1≤0

C.∃x0∈R,x20+1<0D.∀x∈R,x2+1≤0

1.B

3.[2014·天津卷] 已知命题p:∀x>0,总有(x+1)ex>1,则綈p为(A.∃x0≤0,使得(x0+1)ex0≤1

B.∃x0>0,使得(x0+1)ex0≤1

C.∀x>0,总有(x+1)ex≤1

D.∀x≤0,总有(x+1)ex≤1

3.B

高考数学真题分类精讲 篇4

【2015宁夏】69.She ______(邀请)many people to her party last Sunday.【2015宁夏】70.We have ______(相似的)hobbies and interests.【2015宁夏】71.Try to write more ______(细心地)next time.【2015宁夏】72.Lisa ______(庆祝)her brother’s birthday every year.69.invited 70.similar 71.carefully 72.calibrates。

【2015云南】 将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语,注意使用适当的形式,并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)

71.Now Chinese teenagers have plenty of chances_______ all kinds of outdoor activities.(参加)72.I had a bad cold.The doctor told me to take the medicine_______.(按时)73.In order to improve her listening skills, Wang Ling often listens to English news and watches_______.(美国电影)74.Children today _________ their parents too much.They should learn how to look after themselves.(依赖、依靠)

75.China is a great country with a _______ of more than 5,000 years.(悠久的历史)71.to take part in 72.on time 73.American movies 或American films 74.depend on 75.long history 【2015新疆乌鲁木齐】

77.In new ________(正常的)situation, every Chinese has to follow the new rules set up by President Xi Jinping.79.The _______(出乎意料的)rain dropped down over and over again in the city of ththUrumqi from June 7 to June 17.80.It is reported that China is building a light _______(塔)in Huayang Reefs(礁)now.77.normal 9.Unexpected 80.tower 【2015四川德阳】根据句意及汉语提示,写出该单词的正确形式,并将其答案写在答题卡上指定的位置。

高考数学真题分类精讲 篇5

一、【全国卷】

关河令

周邦彦①

秋阴时晴渐向暝,变一庭凄冷。伫听寒声②,云深无雁影③。更深人去寂静。但照壁孤灯相映。酒已都醒,如何消夜永!

[注]①周邦彦(1056~1121):字美成,号清真居士,钱塘(今浙江杭州)人。②寒声:指秋声,如风声、落叶声、虫鸣声等。③雁:古人认为雁能传书。

(1)从上、下两阕的首句看,这首诗是以什么为线索来写的?请简要说明。

(2)简要分析作者在这首词中所表现的心情。

二、【全国新课标卷】

春日秦国怀古

周 朴①

荒郊一望欲销魂②,泾水萦纡③傍远村。牛马放多春草尽,原田耕破古碑存。云和积雪苍山晚,烟伴残阳绿树昏。数里黄沙行客路,不堪回首思秦原。

【注】①周朴(?-878),字太朴,吴兴(今属浙江)人。②销魂:这里形容极其哀愁。③泾水:渭水支流,在今陕西省中部,古属秦国。萦纡:旋绕曲折。8.这首诗表现了诗人什么样的感情?请简要分析。(5分)

9.你认为这首诗在写作上是如何处理情景关系的?(6分)

三、【北京卷】

示 秬 秸 张耒

北邻卖饼儿,每五鼓未旦,即绕街呼卖,虽大寒烈风不废,而时略不少差也。因为作诗,且有所警,示秬、秸。

城头月落霜如雪,楼头五更声欲绝。捧盘出户歌一声,市楼东西人未行。北风吹衣射我饼,不忧衣单忧饼冷。也无高卑志当坚,男儿有求安得闲。

注释:秬秸:张耒二子张秬、张秸。张耒,北宋著名文学家,曾官太常寺少卿。12.(7分)

①下列的理解和赏析,不正确的一项是(3分)

A.诗前小序交代了本诗写作的起因和目的,凸显了诗作内容的真实性。B.“歌一声”,是说卖饼儿沿街呼卖时有腔有调,生动形象并富于童趣。C.卖饼儿衣着单薄,凛冽的寒风吹透了他的衣衫,他却担忧饼冷难卖。D.作者在诗的最后,对两个儿子提出了谆谆告诫,点明了本诗的题旨。②这首诗的写景叙事,平实而富有韵味,请结合具体诗句作简要分析。(4分)

13.这首诗是张耒为教育自己的孩子而作,请对其中的教育内容和所用的教育方式加以概括,并联系实际谈谈自己的感受。(不少于200字)(10分

四、【上海卷】

明月何皎皎

明月何皎皎,照我罗床帏。忧愁不能寐,揽衣起徘徊。客行虽云乐,不如早旋归。出户独彷徨,愁思当告谁? 引领①还入房,泪下沾衣裳。

【注】①引领:伸颈远望。

14.从体裁上看,这是一首五言□□诗,(1分)15.对本诗分析不正确的一项是()A.“明月何皎皎”这一句运用了比兴手法。B.“客行虽云乐”在诗中有以乐衬哀的效果。C.诗人以时间推移、空间转换来谋篇布局。D.本诗语言浅显,朴素自然,而余味无穷。

16.本诗通过一连串的动作刻画来传达思想感情,从这一角度加以赏析。(4分)

五、【天津卷】

【宋】华岳

牛尾乌云泼浓墨,牛头风雨翩车轴。怒涛顷刻卷沙滩,十万军声吼鸣瀑。牧童家住溪西曲,侵早骑牛牧西北。慌忙冒雨急渡溪,雨势骤晴山又绿。

——据文渊阁《四库全书》

(1)第三、四句“卷”“吼”两个词有什么表达效果?请结合诗句简析。(2分)

(2)请结合全诗赏析“雨势骤晴山又绿”一句。(3分)

(3)有人说,本诗第五、六句可以放在开头,你认为好还是不好,为什么?(3分)

六、【重庆卷】

渡 江 [明]张弼

扬子江头几问津①,**如旧客愁新。西飞白日忙于我②,南去青山冷笑人。孤枕不胜乡国梦③,敞裘犹带帝京尘④。交游落落俱星散⑤,吟对沙鸥一怆神。

(1)“客愁”在诗中表现在哪些方面?请加以概括。(4分)

(2)指出“吟对沙鸥一怆神”中“沙鸥”意象的作用。(2分)

七、【江苏卷】

春日忆李白

杜甫

白也诗无敌,飘然思不群。清新庾开府,俊逸鲍参军。渭北春天树,江东日暮云。何时一樽酒,重与细论文。

注:庾开府、鲍参军:指庾信、鲍照,均为南北朝时著名诗人。

渭北、江东:分别指当时杜甫所在的长安一带与李白所在的长江下游南岸地区。论文:此处指论诗。

(1)这首诗的开头四句从哪三个方面对李白的诗作出了什么样的高度评价?(3分)

(2)“渭北春天树,江东日暮云”一联表达了什么样的思想感情?用了何种表现手法?(4分)

(3)说说这首诗的构思脉络。(3分)

八、【山东卷】

泉 储光羲

山中有流水,借问不知名。映地为天色,飞空作雨声。转来深涧满,分出小池平。恬澹无人见,年年长自清。

(1)结合全诗,简要分析“映地为天色,飞空作雨声。”的妙处。

(2)这首诗中的“山泉”具有什么品格?诗人借咏山泉表现了怎样的情怀?

九、【江西卷】

明 黄庭坚

佳节清明桃李笑,野田荒垅自生愁。雷惊天地龙蛇蛰,雨足郊原草木柔。人乞祭余骄妾妇,士甘焚死不公候。贤愚千载知谁是,满眼蓬蒿共一丘。

【注】①此诗作于诗人被贬宜州期间。②士:指介之推,春秋时晋人。从晋文公出亡十九年,功成后拒绝做官,隐居锦山被烧死。

(1)这首诗首联写景抒情有什么特点?(4分)

(2)指出“人乞祭余骄妾妇”这句话体现了作者怎样的思想背景?(4分)

十、【四川卷】

怀天经、智老,因访之

陈与义

今年二月冻初融,睡起苕溪绿向东。客子光阴诗卷里,杏花消息雨声中。西庵禅伯还多病,北栅儒先只固穷。忽忆轻舟寻二子,纶巾鹤氅试春风。

(选自《陈与义集校笺》)

【注】天经,姓叶,名懋 ;智老,即大圆洪智和尚。诗中“禅伯”指大圆洪智,“儒先”指叶天经。

(1)请简要概括诗中诗人的形象特点。

(2)请对这首诗第二联进行赏析。(5分)

十一、【广东卷】

减字木兰花

苏轼

莺初解语,最是一年出好处。微雨如酥,草色遥看近却无。

休辞醉倒,花不看开人易老。等待春回,颠倒红英间绿苔。(1)词中所写的春天是最美好时节是什么时候?为什么?结合词中的描写简要说明。(3分)

(2)结合全词,简要分析词中所表达的思想感情。(4分)

十二、【福建卷】

晓至湖①上

【清】厉鹗

出郭晓色微,临水人意静。水上寒雾生,弥漫与天永。折②苇动有声,遥山淡无影。稍见初日开,三两列舴艋。安得学野凫,泛泛逐清景③。

【注】①湖:杭州西湖。②折:弯曲。③景:影。

(1)这首诗情感丰富,请作分析。(3分)

(2)请从表达技巧的角度对“折苇动有声,遥山淡无影”进行赏析。(3分)

十三、【浙江卷】

蝶恋花〃出塞 [清]纳兰性德

今古河山无定拒,画角声中,牧马频来去。满目荒凉谁可语?西风吹老丹枫树。从前幽怨应无数,铁马金戈,青冢黄昏路。一往情深深几许,深山夕照深秋雨。21.这首词开篇有何特点?(3分)

22.简析画线句的表现手法。(4分)

十四、【安徽卷】

琅琊溪

【宋】欧阳修

空山雪消溪水涨,游客渡溪横古槎②。不知溪源来远近,但见流出山中花。

[注] ①此诗写于作者被贬滁州(今安徽省境内)期间。琅琊溪在滁州狼牙山。②槎(chá):这里指拼扎而成的简易木桥。

8.这首诗围绕溪水描绘了哪几幅画面?表达了作者怎样的情感?(4分)

9.请从虚实结合的角度对诗中三、四两句进行解析。(4分)

十五、【湖南卷】

春暮西园

高 启

绿池芳草满晴波,春色都从雨里过。知是人家花落尽,菜畦今日蝶来多。

请任选一个角度赏析本诗。

十六、【湖北卷】

望湖楼晚景 刘敞

苏轼 雨映寒空半有无,横风吹雨入楼斜,重楼闲上倚城隅。

壮观应须好句夸。浅深山色高低树,雨过潮平江海碧,一片江南水墨图。

电光时掣紫金蛇。

(1)两诗均写江南雨景,但景色有异,《登城》写的是□□□□,《望湖楼晚景》写的是疾风骤雨。(2分)

(2)两诗第一句都描写相对静止的画面,请分别说说它们在原诗结构中的作用。(2分)(3)以上两首诗,刘诗优美,苏诗壮美,请结合诗句赏析。(4分)

十七、【辽宁卷】

题郑防画夹五首①

(其一)

黄庭坚

惠崇②烟雨归雁,坐我潇湘洞庭③。欲唤扁舟归去,故人言是丹青。

[注]①郑防:画的收藏者,生平不详。画夹:分页装潢的画册。②惠崇:北宋僧人,画家。擅长画雁、鹅、鹭鸶及水乡景色。③潇湘:指湘江,流入洞庭湖。

8.请从画境、真景以及两者的关系对本诗进行赏析。(6分)

高考真题语法分类练习(六) 篇6

A. whenB. than

C. untilD. after

2. (2012安徽) When ___ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.

A. askingB. asked

C. having askedD. to be asked

3. (2012重庆) — Coach, can I continue with the training?

— Sorry, you can’t ___ you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.

A. untilB. before

C. asD. unless

4. (2012全国卷Ⅰ) I don’t believe we’ve met before, ___ I must say you do look familiar.

A. thereforeB. although

C. sinceD. unless

5. (2012北京) — Look at those clouds!

— Don’t worry. ___ it rains, we’ll still have a great time.

A. Even ifB. As though

C. In caseD. If only

6. (2012北京) Don’t handle the vase as if it ___ made of steel.

A. isB. were

C. has beenD. had been

7. (2012福建) It is hard for Greek government to get over the present difficulties ___ it gets more financial support from the European Union.

A. ifB. unless

C. becauseD. since

8. (2012陕西) Hot ___ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.

A. althoughB. as

C. whileD. however

9. (2012陕西) All the photographs in this book, ___ stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.

A. unlessB. until

C. onceD. if

10. (2012山东) He smiled politely ___ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.

A. asB. if

C. unlessD. though

11. (2012山东) A number of high buildings have arisen ___ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.

A. whenB. where

C. beforeD. until

12. (2012湖南) ___ I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A.

A. WhileB. Once

C. IfD. Until

13. (2012湖南) ___ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.

A. HoweverB. Whatever

C. WhicheverD. Whenever

14. (2012天津) Everything was placed exactly ___ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.

A. whileB. when

C. whereD. though

15. (2012江西) You can borrow my car ___ you promise not to drive too fast.

A. unlessB. even if

C. in caseD. as long as

16. (2012辽宁) Leave your key with your neighbor ___ you lock yourself out one day.

A. as long asB. even though

nlc202309040457

C. in caseD. as if

17. (2012四川) If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay ___ you are and wait for help.

A. whyB. where

C. whoD. what

18. (2012江苏) One’s life has value ___ one brings value to the life of others.

A. so thatB. no matter how

C. as long asD. except that

19. (2011四川) Frank insisted that he was not asleep _____ I had great difficulty in waking him up.

A. whetherB. although

C. forD. so

20. (2011四川) As it reported, it is 100 years ___ Qinghua University was founded.

A. whenB. before

C. afterD. since

1. (2012江西) Never before ___ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.

A. had sheB. she had

C. has sheD. she has

2. (2012浙江) Had they known what was coming next, they ___ second thoughts.

A. may haveB. could have

C. must have hadD. might have had

3. (2012江苏) There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, ___ ?

A. is thereB. isn’t there

C. is heD. isn’t he

4. (2012重庆) The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor ___ it a thought.

A. does he even giveB. he even gives

C. will he even giveD. he will even give

5. (2012天津) Only after Mary read her composition the second time ___ the spelling mistake.

A. did she noticeB. she noticed

C. does she noticeD. she has noticed

6. (2012辽宁) Not until he retired from teaching three years ago ___ having a holiday abroad.

A. he had consideredB. had he considered

C. he consideredD. did he consider

7. (2012四川) This is not my story, nor ___ the whole story. My story plays out differently.

A. is thereB. there is

C. is itD. it is

8. (2012重庆) Before you quit your job, ___ how your family would feel about your decision.

A. considerB. considering

C. to considerD. considered

9. (2012北京) ___ at the door before you enter my room, please.

A. KnockB. Knocking

C. KnockedD. To knock

10. (2012重庆) It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic ___ Zheng He had sailed to East Africa

A. whenB. that

C. afterD. since

11. (2012北京) George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he ___ .

A.wouldn’tB. didn’t

C. hasn’tD. hadn’t

12. (2012山东) If we ___ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful.

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A. havn’t madeB. wouldn’t make

C. didn’t makeD. hadn’t made

13. (2011四川) Was it on a lonely island ___ he was saved one month after the boat went down?

A. whereB. that

C. whichD. what

14. (2011全国Ⅰ) Only when he reached the tea-house ___ it was the same place he’d been in last year.

A. he realizedB. he did realize

C. realized heD. did he realize

15. (2011福建) — It’s nice. Never before ___ such a special drink!

— I’m glad you like it.

A. I have hadB. I had

C. have I hadD. had I

16. (2011安徽) His writing is so confusing that it is difficult to make out ___ it is he is trying to express.

A. thatB. how

C. whoD. what

17. (2011湖南) Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours ___ a decision.

A. they reachedB. did they reach

C. they reachD. do they reach

18. (2011湖南) It’s not what we do once in a while ___ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently.

A. whichB. that

C. howD. when

19. (2011陕西) It’s not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do ___ benefits our work most.

A. whoB. which

C. thatD. what

20. (2011重庆) Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?

— Of course, I have. It was in our village ___ I saw it.

A. thatB. where

C. whenD. which

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