新gre写作issue提纲

新gre写作issue提纲（精选9篇）

新gre写作issue提纲 篇1

观点：中立偏肯定

1、正：a、通过怀疑权威，促进社会进步，如Copernicus质疑权威Catholic Church，提出heliocentric theory，推动astronomy发展b、怀疑激发创造力，探求真理(truth)

2、反：a、怀疑精神造成不信任;b、许多怀疑根据不足;c、怀疑被某些人利用造成社会动荡(social unrest)

3、交汇：a、对权威的怀疑是人类进步的原动力(motive power);b、不当的怀疑会造成不利的影响

新GRE写作的变化与应对 篇2

整体来说，新GRE写作基本继承了老GRE写作的考试模式，题型仍分为Issue和Argument两部分，满分为6.0分，最小计分单位为0.5分，但是新GRE写作在题库规模、任务数量、时间长度、题目要求和评分主体五个方面有了很大变化(具体的改革概况见下表)。

那么，这些变化体现了ETS (Educational Testing Service, 美国教育考试服务中心)具有哪些新的想法，考生又该如何应对这些变化呢？下面笔者来一一分析。

变化一：题库规模

从官方公布的题库规模来看，新GRE写作Issue题库的题目数量是149道题，而Argument题库的数量为174道题。那为什么上表显示的Issue题库缩水为80道题，Argument题库缩水为84道题呢？这是因为官方公布的GRE题库中存在着大量的重复题目，以Issue新题库中的第49和76题为例。

49. Claim: We can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from those whose views contradict our own. Reason: Disagreement can cause stress and inhibit learning.

76. We can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from people whose views contradict our own.

这两道题虽然表达不同，但表达的主题是一样的，即我们跟与自己观点相似的人交流比跟与自己观点相矛盾的人交流更好，要求考生就这一主题说出自己的观点并加以辨析。因而这两题可以看成是一道题。

趋势与建议

新GRE题库的缩水一方面反映出ETS希望考生能够根据不同的提问方式有所区别地作答；另一方面也反映出目前官方公布的GRE题库的重要性在下降，很有可能不再是题目的唯一来源。因此，考生要有充分的心理准备，在考场上可能要面对题库之外的全新题目。建议考生了解www.mba.com上公布的GMAT作文题库，作为补充参考。

变化二：任务数量

新GRE写作Issue部分的题目形式由老GRE的“2选1”变成新GRE的“1选1”：老GRE写作的Issue部分是出两道题，考生从其中选择一道题写作；而新GRE写作的Issue部分是出一道题，考生只能针对这道题写作。

那么，这种变化是不是提高了题目难度呢？并不尽然。因为新GRE写作Issue部分的题库剔除了老GRE题库中那些极端抽象的题目(如“The absence of choice is a circumstance that is very, very rare.”)。保留下来的题目基本都是比较具象的题目，具有普遍意义，比较简单。同样地，新GRE写作的Argument题库也在题目难度上作了调整，比如，过去非常经典的51道科学类的“必死题”(难度偏大的题)就变更为目前的15道科学类“必活题”(难度很小的题)。

趋势与建议

从以上分析可知，新GRE写作任务数量变化的背后实际上是题目难度的降低。这些变化说明，新GRE写作降低了题目在背景知识方面的难度，将考查重点放在了考生的基本分析能力和表达能力上，而不是其复述素材、背诵模板的能力。因而，考生备考时应注意培养自己分析问题和表达观点的能力。

变化三：时间长度

新GRE写作调整了Issue部分的考试时间：由从前的45分钟缩减为30分钟。很多考生对考试时间缩短很担忧，认为时间缩短就意味着对答题速度的要求变高了。事实上，Issue部分考试时间的缩短对考生来说是有利的。因为考试时间缩短意味着考生写作篇幅也可以相应缩短，因而写作难度实际上是降低了。

那么对于新GRE写作的Issue部分，考生写多少个词合适呢？笔者认为，考生至少要写500个单词以上。ETS对于TOEFL考试所要求的最低打字速度是每5分钟110~120个单词。根据此标准以及Issue部分的考试时间推算，新GRE写作Issue部分的写作篇幅应该最好达到660~720个单词。事实上，新GRE公布的6分Issue范文字数就达到了903个单词。因此，Issue部分的篇幅达到500个单词应该是最低要求。

趋势与建议

针对新GRE写作Issue部分考试时间缩短这一变化，笔者提出以下两点建议：其一，考生不要因此担心题目难度加大，从而影响考试情绪；其二，考生应扎扎实实练习打字，提高打字速度和准确度，确保自己能在30分钟内完成500个单词以上的文章。

变化四：题目要求

新GRE写作两种题型的题目要求都由“一种”改为“多种”，对考生写作的内容有更加具体的要求，其主要目的在于考查考生批判性思维(critical thinking)的能力。

新GRE写作Issue部分的题目要求由基本要求和附加要求组成。该题型的基本要求如下：“Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take.”题目要求考生阐明自己是支持还是反对题干所给出的论点，并说明理由。在基本要求后面，题目还有附加要求，附加要求大致可以分为以下五类：

①… you should consider the ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

②… describe specific circumstances in which adopting the recommendation would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position.

③… be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position.

④… you should address both of the views presented.

⑤… you should consider possible consequences of implementing the policy and explain how these consequences shape your position.

由以上这五类附加要求可知，ETS明确要求考生在Issue部分的写作中一定要从正反两方面考虑和思考问题，要用批判性思维考察各方观点，然后得出一个建立在一定的限定条件之上的结论。

新GRE写作的Argument部分也主要针对考生的批判性思维进行了考查，其主要的题目要求可以分为以下四类：

①… examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument …

②… discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument …

③… discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to …

④… discuss one or more alternative explanations that could rival the …

从这四类题目要求中考生可知， 前两种问法很显然是要求考生对题目中的假设和证据作一个基本的分析，掌握基本的推理线路后，判定给出的证据是否能够有效支撑每个推理环节。后两种问法是进一步要求考生在找到问题之后，从多角度寻找到解释和解决问题的办法，要求考生能够进行全方位的思考。

趋势与建议

从题目要求的变化来看，新GRE写作提高了对考生批判性思维能力的考查。因此，考生备考时要避免只复习词汇和语法这一误区，而要多准备些与考查目标相关的基础知识，并注意观察范文中分析问题的角度。在写作时，考生一定要从正反观点两个方面思考和辩证自己的观点。

变化五：评分主体

对比新老GRE写作的评分主体，两者相同的是都使用ESDS，也就是“雷同探测软件”，这一点说明ETS对于抄袭还是采取零容忍的态度；而不同的是，新GRE写作增加了一个考官评分(即变为两个考官评分)，而暂时取消了E-rater (注：有关新旧GRE写作的评分主体，考生可参考网址http://www.ets.org/gre/institutions/scores/how/)。不过，E-rater的评分体系与标准还是值得考生关注的，原因有二：其一，根据《GRE考试官方指南》里的说明，E-rater预计在2012年将再次用于机考形式的GRE写作评分；其二，E-rater所设置的评分体系与标准都是来自于人工评分的总结和升华，对考生了解GRE写作要求非常有帮助。所以，下面我们就一起来了解一下E-rater的评分标准。具体来说，E-rater的评分标准包含如下八个方面：

① content analysis based on vocabulary measures (基于词汇的内容分析)

② lexical complexity/diction (词汇复杂程度)

③ proportion of grammar errors (语法错误比例)

④ proportion of usage errors (固定搭配使用错误比例)

⑤ proportion of mechanics errors (结构错误比例)

⑥ proportion of style comments (文体得当程度)

⑦ organization and development scores (组织与展开的能力)

⑧ features rewarding idiomatic phraseology (使用习语的情况)

从电子评分系统的评分标准来看，新GRE写作对考生的写作能力提出了更高的要求。

趋势与建议

根据上文的评分标准，考生可以从以下几个方面提高自己的写作水平。

①从词汇角度来说，考生应适当使用专业词汇和复杂词汇，使用过于口语化的表达很难在GRE写作中取得高分。在写作时，对于反复使用的题目关键词，考生可以利用同义、反义替换等方式变换词汇，以增加词汇的多样性和灵活性。此外，考生还应适当使用习语，增加写作亮点。

②从语法角度来说，考生应尽量减少语法错误，保持句子结构清晰，使用固定搭配时要注意搭配准确。同时，考生不能忽视规范使用标点符号的问题，笔者建议考生参考书中有关标点符号用法的部分。

③从写作文体来说，考生应注意使用学术写作的文体，注意用词的专业性和严谨性。有关这方面的知识，建议考生参考一部写作指南经典The Elements of Style (William Strunk, 1918)。这本书短小精悍，是正式英文写作的指导性书籍，对考生写作会有很大帮助。

GRE写作提纲Issue完整版 篇3

观点：同意后者(I tend to give my vote to the second standpoint)

1、正(即first)：a、尊重民意，自由;b、领导者观点有局限性

2、反(即second)：然而，反对者也有有力的证据支持第二个观点contradict to the first one simultaneously：a、保持原则是守信，无论对领导者个人还是国家;b、人民选择出于各种目的，事实上难以统一;c、即使统一也可能缺乏眼光

3、交汇：反对者意见需highly concern，但是我仍支持第二观点：a、妥协是漫长的过程，效率低;b、尽管坚持可能被看作限制自由，但自由要服从利益

GRE写作提纲Issue完整版 篇4

观点：偏否定

1、不可否认，主要城市某些程度上可以代表一个国家及其社会的特性：a、主要城市往往是一个社会最强大繁华的地区，其特性影响了这个社会的特性，比如伦敦设计师偏爱格子型花纹(plaid)，逐渐成为英国特色;b、由于主要城市往往汇聚了来自全国的人士，则各地特色的融合形成了该城市的特色，进而代表了该国社会的特色

2、然而，这种代表性(representativeness)正在逐渐消退 a、当今全球化程度日趋提高造成代表性下降，各国社会的主要城市逐渐趋同(skyscrapers)，丧失独特个性;b、另一方面，某一社会各个地区发展程度差异很大，尤其在许多developing country造成主要城市反而成为特例，如中国，北京、上海等城市的繁华不能说明中国的发达，许多乡村地区非常落后

3、事实上，由于主要城市代表性的下降，我们很难仅仅通过研究他们理解社会特性，而要针对不同社会的实际情况进行选择。对于发达国家，大城市代表性依然很强，对于发展中国家则可能相反

如何拿下gre写作issue 篇5

一. 新gre考试issue作文简介

1. gre备考攻略提示，gre写作Issue要求就一般性话题提出一个观点，题目中会包含就该话题进行回应提出明确的写作要求;

2. 考试时由计算机从练习题(149个题目)中随机抽出一道题进行考试，新gre写作考试时长为30分钟;issue总分为6分。

3. 评分标准(score 6)：

1) · articulates a clear and insightful position on the issue in accordance with the assigned task;

2)· develops the position fully with compelling reasons and/or persuasive examples; ·

3) sustains a well-focused, well-organized analysis, connecting ideas lically

4) conveys ideas fluently and precisely, using effective vocabulary and sentence variety

5) demonstrates facility with the conventions of standard written English (i.e., grammar, usage and mechanics), but may have minor errors

4. Tips:

1. 每篇文章由两位评分人分别打分;

2. 如果两位评分人分数差异超过1分，将会由第三位评分人对成绩进行评定;若没有超过1分，则这篇文章最终取两个分数的平均值;

3. 重视gre作文，因为作文内容是要寄送到学校作为参考的;

4. 保留取消分数的权利：

1)文字与其他一篇或几篇gre文章相似;

2)引用或者改写一些出现在公开出版或未出版资源中的文字而不表明出处;

3)未经授权使用与他人合作的成果而不表明他人贡献;

4)表面上看是考生自己写的文章，事实上是从其他地方或其他人那里借鉴来的。

二. gre写作issue分析步骤

1. 题目分析;

2. 看清题目要求;

3. 列提纲;

4. 写文章;

5. 检查!

1. 题目分析

筛选重点词汇，比如must, only, any, most, best, first等绝对的词。题目中一旦出现了这些绝对的词汇，则此题目都是可以用一些例外来反驳的。

例1：“To understand the most important characteristics of a society, one must study its major cities.”

绝对词汇：the most important; must

正：Beijing; Milan;Paris

反： 上海.

反：中小城市，乡村。

Corresponding Practice：

1. “No field of study can advance significantly unless it incorporates knowledge and experience from outside that field.”

翻译：无一例外，只有通过吸收领域以外的知识和经验，某个领域的研究才会获得巨大的进步。

观点：分领域而定

支持者理由1：自然科学需要其它学科支持(e.g. 生物依赖化学、化学依赖物理)。评论：赞同

支持者理由2：人文类亦如此(e.g. 文史哲不分家)。评论：赞同

支持者理由3：工程类需要理论学科支持。评论：赞同

反对者理由：数学是非经验学科，原则上其正确性不依赖任何经验学科的帮助。评论：赞同

2. “Requiring university students to take a variety of courses outside their major fields of study is the best way to ensure that students become truly educated.”

作者认为大学生应该学习自己专业领域以外的课程。这是大学生经常会面临的问题。现在的教育体系也为同学们设置了大量的选修课：发展同学们的兴趣或者辅助主修课程学习。下文从理论及实例角度才开分析，例如一些最基础学科，数学，心理学，文学，可以帮助学生更好的掌握主修课程。并且下文还引用了一些名人事例和个人实例加以分析。

GRE写作高分范文：生动剖析写作

GRE写作题目：

Too much time, money, and energy are spent developing new and more elaborate technology. Society should instead focus on maximizing the use of existing technology for the immediate benefit of its citizens.

GRE写作范文：

I must say that I reject this statement. While it is true that we need to support society as much as possible with current technology, that does not in any way mean that we should stop progressing simply because our current technology cannot handle all the problems we have brought to it. Does that mean that we should simply accept the status quo and make do? No, I don’t think so. To do so would be tantamount to adopting a fatalistic approach; I think most people would reject that.

Technology has helped, and it has hurt. Without it, we would never have our standard of living, nor quality of nutrition, expectation of a long and productive life span, and the unshakable belief that our lives can be made even better. But it has also brought us universal pollution, weapons so powerful as to be capable of rendering us extinct, and the consequent fear for our survival as species and as a planet. Technology is indeed a double-edged sword. And yet, I still have to argue in its favor, because without it, we have no hope.

Some might argue that we would be better off without technology. They might say that a return to a less technologically driven approach to life would have the benefits of reducing stress and allowing us to live simpler, happier lives, like those of our forebears. Such an idea is seductive, so much so that much of art and all of nostalgia are devoted to it. But upon closer inspection, one realizes that such a move would only return us to a life of different kinds of stress, one of false simplicity, one fraught with danger. It would be a life without antibiotics where a minor cut could prove deadly. It would be a life where childbirth is the main killer of women, and where an emergency is dealt with in terms of hours and days instead of minutes and hours; a life where there are no phones or cars or planes or central heating, no proven drug therapies to treat mental illness, no computers. Would this world really make people happy?

What we already have, we have. And since the only way to move is forward, instead of allowing ourselves to be paralyzed by fear and worry, we need to learn how to clean up the pollution we have caused, and how to deal with a world that feeds on weapons and mass destruction. Doing these things means having to move away from technology into a more difficult realm, that of diplomacy and compromise: to move from the bully stance of “I am bigger and better and I have more toys and so I win” to a place where everyone wins.

Technology is the thing that will allow people to do that. But, advanced as it is, it is still in its infancy. We have to allow it to grow up and mature in order to reap the real rewards that it can bring. And there are even greater rewards ahead of us than what the world has already experienced. When technology is pushed to the outer edge, that is where serendipitous discoveries can occur. This has been seen throughout technological advancement, but the easiest example is probably the space program which made us think, really hard, about how to do things in a different environment. It gave us telecommunications, new fabrics and international cooperation. Paramedical devices, so that people can be treated even as they are being transported to the hosptal, are a direct development of that technology. None of this would have happened in the time frame that it did if we had not pushed for technological advancement. If we had decided to “focus on maximizing the use of existing technology” instead of foolishly reaching for the stars, we would not have made those discoveries which now are the bedrock of the 21st century.

GRE写作分析：

字数：651

语言：平实的语句完全没有网络流行模板的痕迹，也是许多过了6级的考生通过练习可以达到的水平。

I must say that I reject this statement.

Does that mean that we should simply accept the status quo and make do? No, I don’t think so.

Technology has helped, and it has hurt.

Technology is indeed a double-edged sword. And yet, I still have to argue in its favor, because without it, we have no hope.

GRE作文范文：成功

Success, whether academic or professional, involves an ability to survive in a new environment and, eventually, to change it.

GRE作文范文参考：

Many wonder the intrinsic impact of industrial revolution over the last century. Is it a blessing or a curse? Ever since the invention of steam engine, mass production enabled factories to make out products in a madly efficient manner, while machines also supplanted innumerous traditionally skilled artisan, forcing them out of work. Gone are the days when they boasted of their craftsmanship that they assumed to be able support their family all their life. Consumers became more aspiring to novel design instead of durability as goods were made to be discarded.

Hundreds years later, with the first installation of integrated circuit on the chip, another profound turnover took place. Now the computer pervades our life so much that one may find himself half illiterate in absence of input skill. This time, thousands of jobs were created in Silicon Valley, transforming some of the few into billionaire over one night. Nevertheless, the original inventor might not expect that the ensuing slow down and thus recession in IT sector would approach so soon in less than 10 years, which is obviously less than a presumable 15 years time normal for a periodical change.Positive or negative, one mark that characterizes the technological bombardment indicates a constant fact: changes exist ubiquitously and operating at an ever-increasing tempo; those who fail to catch up with the torrent of change would ineluctably engulfed by billows, floating no where and eventually dissolve as negligible bubbles.

Favors as well as opportunities goes to who adapt to the contemporary trend. Fully recognizing this axiom, long before the scientists announced accomplishment of sketches of human genes or earlier successful cloning of Doris, candidates preparing for university admission have smelt the sense. Today, in the U.S., biology and its branch disciplines become the first choice for top students of senior high, determining that this subject, foretold as the third wave in technology, could bring them brilliant future as “Bill Gates” dreamt the same in the previous wave.

In addition to academic realm, respect would be paid to people who though deprived of their past secure professions, choose not to be a loser in the whimsical society. Like the artisans who lost jobs, a vast number of skilled laborer in China’s city of Wengzhou have undergone darkness and depression in those old days. However, after years of endeavor and refinement, they prove their value again. By accurately posit the economic trend and market demand, they play an active role in almost all economic sectors, garments, catering and lodging, hi-tech industry, you name it.

While ability honed in surviving the fickleness of the world makes the path through success shorter, it is essential for the more ambitious to acquire the pith of reformist and lead the trend. In this way, it could help him distinguish from the mediocracy and platitude. This is absolutely not an easy task. Inborn insight and foresight are needed to tell uncommon out of the commonplace; extraordinary perseverance and encouragement is a must to face the coming challenges against his iconoclasm. Very few people crowned with triumph possess this quality, whether the Nobel Prize winner or those who makes coverage on the Times.

新gre写作issue提纲 篇6

例如：Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics.

首先，我们可以看出，题目中的两个对象customs(风俗)和ethics(伦理)实际上是有很大差异的。因此，科技对他们的影响力也绝对不会是一样的。

1.肯定customs

customs是可以被科技改变的，比如很多典礼和文化还有迷信都因为科学的进步而废除了，还是有很多传统被赋予了新的含义。

2.否定 ethics

新gre写作issue提纲 篇7

GRE写作ISSUE官方要求介绍

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

从这个instructions可以看出，我们绝不能单纯地从正负观点去展开文章。因为，它明确说了你需要在写作中讨论“命题”中的陈述在何种情况下成立“true”,在何种情况下不成立”not hold true”.如果你在写作时仍然持有单一观点，你最后的得分可想而知。但是，实际情况是，对于大多数中国考生来讲，他们往往受困于单一观点“黑白分明”的思维定式，不善于从多角度分析一个问题。而这里各位考生需要明白，ETS对于GRE高分作文有一个很重要也是最基本的要求，那就是complexity,也就是“立场和角度的多样化”。为了去应对这样的写作要求，小站教育老师在这里介绍几种实用且又符合instructions要求的破题方式。

GRE写作ISSUE审题破题展开思路：融合对立选项(平衡观点)

很多题目总是会列出两个对象，接受一个抛弃另一个，这个时候可以找寻题设中两个认为对立的对象之间的联系，指出两者是共存的。

例如：It is the artist, not the critic, who gives society something of lasting value.

1.艺术品本身实际上就有很深刻的内涵和永恒的价值，同时批评家可以让大家明白艺术品的价值在哪里。

2. 那些流传远久有永恒价值的艺术都是批评家们帮助筛选出来的。

因此，这两个对象是不矛盾的。

GRE写作ISSUE审题破题展开思路：关键词分离写

很多题目中会出现两个对象，从表面上看，它们似乎是一致的，但实际上他们之间存在差异。对于这样的题目，我们可以肯定一个对象，而否定另一个。

例如：Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics.

首先，我们可以看出，题目中的两个对象customs(风俗)和ethics(伦理)实际上是有很大差异的。因此，科技对他们的影响力也绝对不会是一样的。

1.肯定customs

customs是可以被科技改变的，比如很多典礼和文化还有迷信都因为科学的进步而废除了，还是有很多传统被赋予了新的含义。

2.否定 ethics

ethics是很难被科技改变的，无论科技怎么变，道德是数千年以来人类共同承认的东西，是不会随着科技的发展而改变的，反过来是道德影响科技的发展。

GRE写作ISSUE审题破题展开思路：定义模糊关键词

很多题目的key point就在于如何定义关键词，题目给出的概念不够明晰的时候，可以有不同的理解，而不同的理解就可以有不同的方向破题。

例如：”facts are stubborn things. They cannot be altered by our wishes, or our inclinations.“

我们可以看出，本题中的 “facts”意义就非常模糊。因此，我们可以通过对于其不同定义来破解题目。

1.如果fact作为一种自然客观规律，这样的fact是我们无法改变的，比如所有的生物终将死亡。时间是不能倒退的，这些是我们通过亲身感受可以感知到的，无论怎么努力，这些事实是不可能改变的。

2.如果把fact理解为记录的史实，那么fact是有可能改变的。诚然发生过的事情不可以改变，但是历史本来就不可能完全真实的记录已经发生的事实。这样的情况下“fact”很多时候都是被改变的。

GRE作文的审题破题方法就为大家介绍到这里，希望能对各位同学有所帮助。

新GRE写作Argument范文

Discuss how well reasoned you find this argument.

The following appeared in a letter from the owner of the Sunnyside Towers apartment building to its manager.

”One month ago, all the showerheads on the first five floors of Sunnyside Towers were modified to restrict the water flow to approximately 1/3 of its original force. Although actual readings of water usage before and after the adjustment are not yet available, the change will obviously result in a considerable savings for Sunnyside Corporation, since the corporation must pay for water each month. Except for a few complaints about low water pressure, no problems with showers have been reported since the adjustment. Clearly, restricting water flow throughout all the 20 floors of Sunnyside Towers will increase our profits further.“

The following is a recommendation from the director of personnel to the president of Professional Printing Company.

”In a recent telephone survey of automobile factory workers, older employees were less likely to report that having a supervisor present increases their productivity. Among workers aged 18 to 29, 27 percent said that they are more productive in the presence of their immediate supervisor, compared to 12 percent for those aged 30 or over, and only 8 percent for those aged 50 or over. Clearly, if our printing company hires mainly older employees, we will increase productivity and save money because of the reduced need for supervisors.“

The following appeared as part of an article in a health magazine.

”A new discovery warrants a drastic change in the diets of people living in the United States. Two scientists have recently suggested that omega -3 fatty acids (found in some fish and fish oils) play a key role in mental health. Our ancestors, who ate less saturated fat and more polyunsaturated fat, including omega -3 fatty acids, were much less likely to suffer from depression than we are today. Moreover, modern societies-such as those in Japan and Taiwan-that consume large quantities of fish report depression rates lower than that in the United States. Given this link between omega -3 fatty acids and depression, it is important for all people in the United States to increase their consumption of fish in order to prevent depression."

A new report suggests that men and women experience pain very differently from one another, and that doctors should consider these differences when prescribing pain medications. When researchers administered the same dosage of kappa options- a painkiller-to 28 men and 20 women who were having their wisdom teeth extracted, the women reported feeling much less pain than the men, and the easing of pain lasted considerably longer in women. This research suggests that kappa opioids should be prescribed for women whenever pain medication is required, whereas men should be given other kinds of pain medication. In addition, researchers should reevaluate the effects of all medications on men versus women.

GRE作文每日范文精选

Creating Space In The Body

Our minds and bodies are interconnected, and the condition of one affects the condition of the other. This is why meditation is such a powerful tool for healing the body, as powerful as physical therapies. When our minds are cluttered with thoughts, information, and plans, our bodies respond by trying to take action. When the body has a clear directive from the mind, it knows what to do, but a cluttered, unfocused mind creates a confused, tense body. Our muscles tighten up, our breath shortens, and we find ourselves feeling constricted without necessarily knowing why.

When we sit down to meditate, we let our bodies know that it is okay to be still and rest. This is a clear directive from the mind, and the body knows exactly how to respond. Thus, at the very beginning, we have created a sense of clarity for the body and the mind. As we move deeper into meditation, the state of our mind reveals itself, and we have the opportunity to consciously decide to settle it. A meditation teacher pointed out that if you put a cow in a small pen, she acts up and pushes against the boundaries, whereas if you provide her with a large, open space, she will peacefully graze in one spot. In the same way, our thoughts settle down peacefully if we provide them with enough space, and our bodies follow suit.

When we settle down to examine and experience our consciousness, we discover that there are no hard, definable edges. It is a vast, open space in which our thoughts can come and go without making waves, as long as we let them by neither attaching to them nor repressing them. As we see our thoughts come and go, we begin to breathe deeper and more easily, finding that our body is more open to the breath as it relaxes along with the mind. In this way, the space we recognize through meditation creates space in our bodies, allowing for a feeling of lightness and rightness with the world.

GRE作文精选优秀范文示例

GRE写作题目：

Most societies do not take their greatest thinkers seriously，even when they claim to admire them.

大多数社会都没把最伟大的思想家当回事，虽然有时候这些社会自称是求才若渴的。

GRE写作范文：

In this busy，packed and dull world，people‘s most important concerning is how to make a living. They work assiduously to make money，to support their family，to purchase houses and cars. Hardly one common individual knows who their greatest thinkers are，not mention to take them seriously. Admittedly，in some cases，people claim that they admire the greatest thinkers; however，they actually know little about what the greatest thinkers’ thoughts are. The fact is，in history of human civilizations，most societies do not take their greatest thinkers seriously，even when the greatest thinkers are seemed to be respected.

Generally，whatever societies the greatest thinkers are in，they have similar characteristics，such as high intelligence，eccentric temperament，wide range of knowledge，and the most essential one： the deeply and often predicted thoughts，which is the product of real wisdom. On one hand，it is the thoughts that distinguish the greatest thinkers from the mass. On the other hand，it is also the thoughts，however correct and predicted，which cause these elites out of the mass‘ sights and put them into an embarrassment in which few can understand them and their thoughts. A proper example is the passional German philosopher and poet Nietzche. Nietzche is a pioneer，whose profound exploration in philosophy influenced the descendants deeply. Yet his life is miserable and full of tragedies. Without money and job，Nietzche lived an impoverished life， which along with loneliness defeated him at last： he became insane when 45，and died 10 years later. Until that time，almost no one knew him or his thoughts. Even today，many people including some scholars call him mad philosopher.

In some worse cases，the greatest thinkers are even persecuted by their societies since the greatest thinkers always tend to have skeptical and critical thoughts，which the manipulators fear mostly and manipulated reluctant to accept. The reason is that once the advanced ideas，which are against the old ones，are accepted by mass，the domination or the present social system will in the danger of collapse. And at the same times，most people are reluctant to admit that what they believe in or cherish，however，always prejudice and rigid ideas set in people’s minds beforehand，are not the truth but falsehood or illusions. A case in point is the great astronomer Copernicus，who developed the theory that the earth and other planets revolve around the sun. Although the theory was the most advanced astronomy theory in that time，it hadn‘t come out of press until the year before Copernicus’ death because of mass being strongly against it especially the powerful churches，which were afraid that such a theory would shake authority of theology.

In some specific period，for political reasons，thinker and intellectuals as a whole undergo ruthless treatment，such as the Culture Revolution from 1966 to 1976 in China. During those ten years，many great thinkers and intellectuals are forbidden to think and express their thoughts freely. Some of them even encountered physical torture. A crueler example is Qin Dynasty in China 2000 years ago. Yingzheng，the first emperor of China，sentenced the thinkers who held different political or social ideas from him to death. Moreover，he buried their writings.

新gre写作issue提纲 篇8

大学生应该选择那些就业前景好的研究领域。

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position.

新gre写作issue提纲 篇9

The surest indicator of a great nation is represented not by the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but by the general welfare of its people.28 / 113 / 120 / 121 / 127 / 145：国家的伟大体现在国民的安乐上还是体现在统治者、艺术家或科学家的成就上

Which one, the achievements of the rulers, artists, and scientists or the general welfare of the people, is the indication of a great nation? Well, this issue is never an either-or situation and if I were to choose one, I basically agree that the achievements of the rulers, artists, and scientists would largely secure the general welfare of the people and thus should be a better indication of the greatness of a nation.However, there indeed exist some cases that the general welfare of the people should be put more emphasis on.When it comes to political arena, the story of Winston Churchill immediately comes into my mind.Churchill was generally regarded as one of the greatest wartime leaders in history, and had led the U.K.toward victory during the Second World War.His political insight, personal charisma, great courage, and inspiring speeches made him a national hero at that time.When Churchill, Franklin Roosevelt, and Stalin gathered in proud and glory, the Great Britain rose to be a great nation that contributed so much.In short, the achievements of Churchill helped U.K.become one of the world’s greatest nations and in consequence, his people were beginning to experience a better prospect of life.When considering the world of science, it is still apparent that the greatness of the scientists also contributes significantly to the greatness of the nation.An apt example involves Einstein, who was regarded as the father of modern science.Einstein had so many great achievements in his life time, including the discovery of photo-electric effect, the mass-energy equivalence formula, and the Theory of Relativity, which furthered human exploration of our physical world on an unprecedented scale.It is exactly those great achievements by scientists like Einstein that made America the land of dreams.The achievements of artists also boost a nation’s spirit.One needs look no further than the story of Tchaikovsky to find ample evidence.At a time when there was scant opportunity for a career in music and almost no public musical education, Tchaikovsky strived to awaken the Russians to the magnificent world of music.His operas, ballets, and concertos had greatly enriched people’s cultural life and had a profound influence on Russian music.Nowadays when we think about some of the greatest nations that heavily influenced the world of music, Russia shares a big part owing to Tchaikovsky’s achievements.Having recognized that the achievements of a nation’s rulers, artists, and scientists could in most cases ensure the nation’s greatness, nevertheless history tells us that sometimes the rulers would go against the general welfare of the people.Consider, for example, the story of Stalin, who controlled the Soviet Union for a staggering three decades.I concede that Stalin had led the country through large-scale industrialization and many Five Year Plans, but the nation saw at the same time hundreds of thousands of people sent to correctional labor camps, deported and exiled to remote areas.What’s worse, the anger of peasants about government control over the low price of crops and serious starvation had led to a huge disruption of the nation’s food production and finally resulted in the Soviet Famine.Sadly, the great achievements of Stalin to boost the international prestige failed to address the need of its people, and in consequence the collapse of Soviet was indeed inevitable.In conclusion, although many great rulers, artists, and scientists of a nation would bring huge benefits and thus boost the general welfare of its people, the greatness of a nation still could not solely determined by those individuals.In even worse cases such as Hitler’s personal “achievements”, scientists’ creation of biochemical weapons, those inflictions have caused numerous holocausts and imposed pain and sorrow on so many innocent people.But it is true that great individuals often secure a nation’s greatness and people’s general welfare, just like Franklin Roosevelt’s remarkable achievements that led the nation through some of its greatest crises and raised people’s living standard to a record high.